Select all effect(s) that the substituent provides for benzene ring: -N: A: electron-withdrawing inductive effect B: electron-donating inductive effect C: electron-withdrawing resonance effect D: electron-donating resonance effect
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Electron-withdrawing groups (EWG) pull electron density away from the benzene ring, while electron-donating groups (EDG) push electron density towards the benzene ring. Resonance effect refers to the delocalization of electrons in a molecule through the pi bonds. Show more…
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