Select all of the following statements regarding respiration and gas exchange that are TRUE. A) Neural connections between the pons and medulla are not required for breathing to occur. B) The carotid and aortic body chemoreceptors are capable of responding to both PCO2 and PO2 levels in the blood. C) Adult hemoglobin has 4 heme groups, while fetal hemoglobin has 2. D) Under normal conditions, it is the PCO2 of the plasma that directly determines how much oxygen hemoglobin can carry. E) The reverse chloride shift that occurs in the lungs moves bicarbonate ions (HCO3) into the plasma in exchange for chloride ions (Cl).
Added by Matthew J.
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- FALSE. Neural connections between the pons and medulla are essential for regulating breathing. Show more…
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a. Although hyperventilation increases the alveolar partial pressure of oxygen, the hydrogen ion concentration in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid decreases. b. Beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonists are useful for managing asthma because these drugs cause an increase in the cross-sectional area of the conducting airways. c. Although hypoventilation increases the plasma concentration of hydrogen ions, the blood-brain barrier prevents hydrogen ions from directly gaining access to the chemoreceptors in the medulla oblongata. d. Both a) and b) are correct and c) is incorrect e. a), b) and c) are all correct
Madhur L.
All of the following are correct about gas exchange in humans EXCEPT (A) hemoglobin carries oxygen and carbon dioxide in fairly equal amounts (B) breathing rate is regulated by the medulla of the brain (C) the purpose of the nose is to filter, warm, and moisten air (D) gas exchange occurs in alveoli (E) when carbon dioxide builds up in the blood, the pH lowers
ORGANISMAL BIOLOGY
Human Physiology
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