Sequence the events that occur during the conventional presentation of viral peptides to naïve T cells in the order that they occur to activate cytotoxic (Tc) cells. Begin with the event that most closely follows the entry of a viral particle into a cell, and end with the event that most closely precedes the interaction of an MHC molecule and T-cell receptor. Not all of the events will be used. A viral particle enters the cell. Viral replication and protein synthesis occur within the cell. Viral proteins are processed by proteases in low-pH endocytic vesicles. TAP translocates viral peptides into the lumen of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Longer peptides are trimmed by ERAP. The protein loading complex (PLC) promotes the association of a peptide and an MHC class I complex Calreticulin, tapasin, and ERp57 disassociate from the stabilized MHC class I complex. The MHC class I complex is transported to the Golgi apparatus. Vesicles deliver the MHC-peptide complex to the plasma membrane. The MHC complex interacts with the T-cell receptor of a naïve CD8+ T cell.
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Place the events of T cytotoxic cell activation in chronological order: Active T cytotoxic cells bind to infected cell displaying a foreign antigen. Activated T helper cells sensitized to the same antigen binds to the T cytotoxic cell and releases interleukins. Active T cytotoxic clones and memory cells formed. Cytotoxic cell secretes perforins. T cytotoxic cell receptor binds to foreign antigen and a MHC-I molecule. T cytotoxic cells proliferate. Lysing of infected cell.
Madhur L.
Where are the major histocompatibility complex molecules (once they have been loaded with antigen peptides) located in reference to the cells? Within the nucleus of the cell? Within the cytoplasm of the cell? On the surface of the plasma membrane? The next sentence and picture correspond to questions 14 to 16. The diagram in the Figure below shows a pathogen (in red) that is present in different cellular compartments of each of the cell types shown. In each case, a specific cell subset will recognize peptides of that pathogen presented on MHC molecules on the surface of the cell and will execute its effector function. State the appropriate cell effector response, the cell type, and location of the pathogen. A. T cell - killing of target cell B. Macrophage - killing of target cell C. T cell - activation of target cell's antibody production D. T cell - activation of target cell's ability to kill intracellular pathogen Viruses and some bacteria replicate in the cytosolic compartment, as shown in panel 1. Their antigens are presented by MHC class I molecules. What cell effector response corresponds to this kind of pathogen? Other bacteria and some parasites are taken up into endosomes, usually by specialized phagocytic cells such as macrophages, as shown in panel 2. Here they are killed and degraded, or in some cases, are able to survive and proliferate within the vesicle. Their antigens are presented by MHC class II molecules. What cell effector response corresponds to this kind of pathogen? Extracellular pathogens (or their protein productions) may bind to cell-surface receptors and enter the vesicular system by endocytosis, as illustrated in panel 3. What cell effector response corresponds to this kind of pathogen? Antigens are presented by MHC class II molecules. The presentation by dendritic cells is an essential pathway for generating CD8 cell responses to some intracellular pathogens. If this pathway did not exist, we would be highly susceptible to: - Intracellular pathogens that can survive inside macrophage endocytic vesicles - Intracellular pathogens that are able to evade antibody responses - Intracellular pathogens that do not infect and replicate in dendritic cells - Intracellular pathogens that can spread from cell to cell by inducing cell fusion - Intracellular pathogens that infect and replicate in red blood cells The proteasome system (UPS) begins...
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Choose from the following steps to construct the steps of antigen processing to activate CD8 T cells in the correct order: 1. Protein antigens are degraded by proteasomes in the cell. 2. Protein fragments are transported to the ER. 3. Protein antigens are endocytosed by cells. 4. MHC proteins bind protein fragments. 5. MHC proteins bind protein fragments. 6. Complex binds TCRs and causes an immune response. 7. Complex is transported to the cell surface.
Adi S.
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