Several snake venoms contain toxins which blocks acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction. The presence of these toxins would directly interfere with the ability to: a initiate skeletal muscle contraction b relax cardiac muscle after contraction c control smooth muscle contraction d release acetylcholine from motor neurons e generate action potentials in motor neurons
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When a motor neuron releases acetylcholine, it binds to the acetylcholine receptors on the muscle cell membrane, leading to muscle contraction. If a toxin blocks these receptors, it would directly interfere with the ability to initiate skeletal muscle contraction. Show more…
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Select all of the following that correctly describe the neuromuscular junction and how it produces muscle contraction. You may select more than one answer. A) After neurotransmitter binds to receptors, sodium ion channels close, which prevents sodium ions from entering the muscle fiber. B) Acetylcholine is release into a synaptic gap and binds to receptors on the muscle. C) Dopamine is release into a synaptic gap and binds to receptors on the muscle. D) After neurotransmitter binds to receptors, sodium ion channels open and sodium ions enter the muscle fiber.
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Injection of C. botulinum toxin (Botox) _________. a. causes irreversible muscle contraction b. stimulates formation of ATP from ADP c. prevents release of ACh by motor neurons d. blocks the actin binding site of myosin
During contraction of skeletal muscle: a. ATP stimulates $\mathrm{Ca}^{2+}$ to move out of the cytosol, which allows tropomyosin to bind myosin causing contraction of the thin filament. b. myosin crossbridges use ATP to relax the molecular spring in the myosin head, which pulls the thick filaments away from the thin actin filaments. c. actin binds ATP, allowing troponin in the thick filaments to form the myosin crossbridge. d. action potentials cause the release of $\mathrm{Ca}^{2+}$ allowing tropomyosin fibers to uncover the actin binding sites needed for the myosin crossbridge. e. botulinum toxin could increase the release of acetylcholine at the contracting muscle site.
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