Soon after a person rises quickly from a sitting position, all of the following reactions will occur except Oheart rate is reflexively elevated. Ocardiac output will decrease. Ovenous return is decreased. O reflex vasoconstriction of peripheral blood vessels occurs. Othe carotid baroreceptors become less active.
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Which of the following will occur as a result of baroreceptors? 1. Increased action potential discharge of aortic baroreceptors 2. Decreased activity of parasympathetic ganglion neurons controlling the heart 3. Increased vagus nerve activity 4. Increased force of cardiac muscle contraction 45. Which of the following is/are normal acute cardiovascular responses to exercise? 1. Fall in venous return to the heart 2. Marked increase in total peripheral resistance (TPR) 3. Increase in mean arterial blood pressure 4. Dilation of blood vessels to the skin 5. Maintenance of normal body temperature 46. Which is the most important long-term factor (weeks to months) that determines blood pressure? 1. Number of heart B-adrenoceptors 2. Number of nerve fibers innervating the aortic and carotid arch baroreceptors 3. High-pressure baroreceptors 4. Blood volume 5. Skeletal muscle activity and posture 6. Pulmonary blood flow Which of the following mechanisms will cause an immediate increase in cardiac output? 1. Activation of the sympathetic nervous system 2. Dilation of veins 3. Activation of high-pressure baroreceptors 4. Stimulation of the vagus nerve A man has been wounded in a knife fight and has lost a significant amount of blood (about 15% of his normal volume). The body tries to compensate by increasing cardiac output to supply oxygen to the tissues. Which of the following mechanisms is plausible for this? 1. Constriction of veins and venules in the systemic circulation 2. Inhibition of parasympathetic preganglionic cells in the vagus nerve 3. Increase in heart rate 4. Increase in force of ventricular contraction
Adi S.
When a subject stands up from a laying position, blood pressure falls in the upper regions of the body. This change in blood pressure upon standing above is called [ Select ] [ Select ] . To compensate for the pressure change in the upper body, the [ Select ] nervous system is activated which [ Select ] cardiac output and [ Select ] most arterioles to return the pressure to normal. [ Select ] physiologic effect occurs during
Dave K.
1.) As one stands up from a lying-down position, because of the gravity, the blood pools in the veins especially in the lower extremities. How does this affect venous return, cardiac output and blood pressure? 2.) The blood pressure immediately changes as the subject moves from a lying-down to an upright position. How do baroreceptor reflexes help to regulate this change? 3.) How does the change in heart rate contribute to cardiac output and the blood pressure regulation? 4.) Describe how the activities of the autonomic neurons cause an increase in heart rate.
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