Determine the acid-base imbalance from this arterial blood gas sample: PO2 = 90, PCO2 = 55, pH = 7.3 (Normal values: PCO2 is 35-45 mm Hg. pH is 7.35 - 7.45) respiratory alkalosis metabolic acidosis respiratory acidosis metabolic alkalosis
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For each of the following sets of blood values, name the acid-base imbalance (acidosis or alkalosis), determine its cause (metabolic or respiratory), decide whether the condition is being compensated, and cite at least one possible cause of the imbalance. Problem $I: \mathrm{pH} 7.63 ; \mathrm{P}_{\mathrm{CO}_{2}}, 19 \mathrm{mm} \mathrm{Hg}: \mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-} 19.5 \mathrm{mEq} / \mathrm{L}$ Problem $2: \mathrm{pH} 7.22 ; \mathrm{P}_{\mathrm{CO}_{3}} 30 \mathrm{mm} \mathrm{Hg} ; \mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-} 12.0 \mathrm{mEq} / \mathrm{L}$
29. Acid:Base balance- Explain how acidosis and alkalosis can alter the body functions. 30. Explain the role of the a) chemical buffers of the ICF & ECF, (b) the lungs and (c) the kidneys in maintaining pH of the body. 31. Describe how the kidneys compensate for acidosis and alkalosis 32. Be able to distinguish between and describe causes of the following acid-base imbalances: a) Respiratory Acidosis b) Metabolic Acidosis c) Respiratory Alkalosis d) Metabolic Alkalosis
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At normal blood pH (7.4), hemoglobin is 40% saturated at a partial pressure of oxygen (O₂) of 20 mmHg. Use the oxygen–hemoglobin dissociation curves to determine the oxygen saturation of hemoglobin at a partial pressure of O₂ of 20 mmHg, if the blood pH drops to 7.2. oxygen saturation:
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