00:01
Okay, i'm going to answer this question.
00:01
Let's talk about a metabolism.
00:03
It says blood glucose levels begin dropping to a low level during the night when several hours have passed since eating.
00:11
Okay, so this is true.
00:12
Which of the following would not be correct for inside a liver cell? so remember that when your blood levels of glucose or glycemia, this is the same as glycemia, starts to drop.
00:25
Your liver is going to respond in different ways, okay? this is your liver.
00:30
First, your liver is going to start doing a process called glycogenolysis.
00:39
When you eat, when you're eating, for example, when you're in the fed state, and you eat higher levels of or very high levels of glucose more than your cells need, then your liver is going to use or is going to convert those extra glucose molecules into glycogyn.
00:54
And that process is called glycogenesis.
00:57
During a fasting state or when you are, well, when you're in fasting state, for example, those glycogen molecules are going to be, are going to start to be broken down, and you're going to produce glucose molecules.
01:08
And those glucose, by producing the liver, are going to be released to the blood in order to increase that glyce.
01:14
So, glycogenolysis is going to cure.
01:16
Also, like in more severe states, like, for example, in starvation, or severe fasting, another process is going to cure that is called gluconeogenesis.
01:28
That is practically the reverse process of glycolysis, where you produce glucose from non -carbohydrate sources, for example, from lactate, from amino acids, from glycerol, and other molecules, okay? so this is the 2 % that are going to cure when you are in fasting state.
01:46
So let's look at the options.
01:47
Which of the following would not be coveredly, big, becogate for inside a liver cell.
01:52
Option a says phosphorylase kindness would be a phosphoprotein, a phosphoprotein.
02:00
And this option is true.
02:02
Okay, we're looking for the false one, remember.
02:05
So option a is false is true because remember that here you're going to have glycogen and here i want to have glucose.
02:14
The process by which you build glycogen from glucose is called glycogenesis, as i mentioned.
02:21
And the main enzyme here is possible for that with glycogen synthase.
02:25
When you break the glycogen down to glucose, the process is called glycogenolysis, and this is catalyzed by the enzyme glycogion phosphory.
02:33
Okay, so first, this glycogen phosphorylase is going to be active.
02:41
It is going to be active when it is phosphorylated.
02:47
When it has been phosphorylated, it is going to be active.
02:50
And it is going to be inactive, okay? when it will, when it is not correlated, okay? when it is not phosphorylated.
03:01
And which enzyme is going to activate this glycogen phosphorylate? it means which enzyme is going to force, it is going to add a phosphate to this glycoyan phosphorylase, and that enzyme is going to be an enzyme called phosphorylase kinase.
03:20
This enzyme is going to be active also when it is phospholated and it is going to activate or it is going to phosphorylate this glycoyon phosphorylase in order for it to break down glycogen to glucose molecules.
03:32
And what is going to phosphorylate this phosphorylase kinase in order for it to get active? because remember that this is, this enzyme is going to get active if it is phospholidated as well as this glycline phosphorylater practically.
03:45
And the one that is going to post -ferolate, this protein called protein kinase is this protein kinase is going to be activated by high levels of cyclic amp.
03:55
And these high levels of cyclic amp are a result of the reduction pathway of the glucagon receptor.
04:03
Remember that glucagon is a stress hormone.
04:06
For example, we're talking about fasting industry right now.
04:09
When you're in fasting state, glucose is going to be released and it is going to add on receptors on the liver and it is going to increase the levels of the kidney kmp...