The alveoli of mammalian lungs do not contain 20.9% O2 (that is, the percentage of O2 in atmospheric dry air) because A. there is dead space in the trachea and bronchial tree and the air in the lungs is humidified. B. mammals do not normally ventilate the lungs at a high enough rate. C. the trachea and bronchi are too small in volume to contain this amount of O2. D. mammal lungs have too many alveoli to ventilate. E. some O2 has been exchanged with the blood before reaching the alveoli.
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Which of the following is true about mammal lungs? A) They are very efficient in ventilating the alveoli. B) They are invaginations of the body. C) They are capable of expelling most of the inhaled air during exhalation. D) They have an extremely high surface area in alveoli.
Adi S.
Air entering the lungs ends up in tiny sacs called alveoli. It is from the alveoli that oxygen diffuses into the blood. The average radius of the alveoli is $0.0050 \mathrm{~cm}$ and the air inside contains 14 per cent oxygen. Assuming that the pressure in the alveoli is $1.0 \mathrm{~atm}$ and the temperature is $37^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$, calculate the number of oxygen molecules in one of the alveoli. (a) $6 \times 10^{13}$ (b) $10^{24}$ (c) $1.7 \times 10^{22}$ (d) $1.7 \times 10^{9}$
In the human gas exchange system, $a$. the lungs and airways are completely collapsed after a forceful exhalation. $b$. the average $P_{O_{2}}$ concentration of air inside the lungs is always lower than that in the air outside the lungs. $c$. the $\mathrm{P}_{\mathrm{O}_{2}}$ of the blood leaving the lungs is greater than the $\mathrm{P}_{\mathrm{O}_{2}}$ of the exhaled air. $d$. the amount of air that is moved per breath during normal, at-rest breathing is termed the total lung capacity. oxygen and carbon dioxide are actively transported across the alveolar and capillary membranes.
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