The anesthetist has decided that they will use a combination of isoflurane and nitrous oxide for an upcoming surgery on an 86-year-old WWII veteran scheduled to have a carotid artery bypass. The anesthetist has decided to use 0.6% isoflurane. Why is this amount of isoflurane inappropriate? a. The synergy of the muscle relaxant and analgesic effects of these two agents could compromise an elderly patient. b. The combined amount of isoflurane and nitrous oxide gas would mean that insufficient oxygen would be available to the patient. c. The amount of isoflurane should never exceed 0.5 MAC due to its toxicity. d. Isoflurane has a very narrow therapeutic window and therefore is dangerous in elderly patients due to their reduced metabolism.
Added by Juan Manuel O.
Close
Step 1
Isoflurane is a volatile inhalation anesthetic commonly used for general anesthesia. It is known for its rapid onset and offset of action, making it a popular choice for surgical procedures. Now, let's analyze each option: a. The synergy of the muscle relaxant Show more…
Show all steps
Your feedback will help us improve your experience
Asma Venkitta and 54 other Biology educators are ready to help you.
Ask a new question
Labs
Want to see this concept in action?
Explore this concept interactively to see how it behaves as you change inputs.
Key Concepts
Recommended Videos
During a medical operation an anesthesiologist controls the depth of unconsciousness by controlling the concentration of isoflurane in a vaporized mixture with oxygen and nitrous oxide. The depth of anexthesia is measured by the patient's blood pressure. The anesthesiologist also regulates ventilation, fluid bal ance, and the administration of other drugs In order to free the anesthesiologist to devote more time to the latter tashs, and in the interest of the patient's safety. we wish to automate the depth of anesthesia by autornating the control of isoflurure concentration. Draw a functional block diagram of the systern showing pertinent signals and subsysterns (Meier, 1992 )
A 50-year-old man has had crushing substernal pain with radiation to his left arm, diaphoresis, and dyspnea for the past 12 hours. Pulse is 90/min, respirations are 20/min, and blood pressure is 110/76 mm Hg in the left arm while he is supine. A diagnosis of acute anterior wall transmural myocardial infarction is made. Intravenous administration of heparin, nitroglycerin, and metoprolol is started. After 60 minutes, the patient continues to have chest pain. Morphine is the most appropriate analgesic at this time because of which of the following characteristics? A) Antiplatelet activity B) Decrease in myocardial oxygen demand C) Facilitation of myocardial remodeling D) Long half-life E) Positive inotropic effect F) Prevention of reocclusion
Bryan V.
Prior to intubation for a surgical procedure, the anesthesiologist administered a single dose of the neuromuscular blocking agent, succinylcholine, to a 23-year-old female to provide muscular relaxation during surgery and to facilitate the insertion of the endotracheal tube. Following this, the inhalation anesthetic was administered, and the surgical procedure was completed. A1. Beginning with depolarization at the neuromuscular junction, describe the normal sequence of events that lead to muscle contraction. A2. What prevents acetylcholine (ACh) from accumulating in the neuromuscular junction and causing a sustained contraction in a normal individual? A3. Succinylcholine acts as a depolarizing agent that prevents repolarization of the nerve. Therefore, no further ACh is released until the drug is cleared. Name another site within the neuromuscular junction that might be affected to prevent muscle contraction. (Hint: curare acts by this mechanism.)
Adi S.
Recommended Textbooks
Biology for AP Courses
Objective Biology for NEET
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
Transcript
18,000,000+
Students on Numerade
Trusted by students at 8,000+ universities
Watch the video solution with this free unlock.
EMAIL
PASSWORD