The discovery of a brain circuit that predicts excessive...

The discovery of a brain circuit that predicts excessive alcohol drinking in mice illustrates that cultural expectations influence our experience of alcohol. environmental influences are less important in the development of alcohol use disorder. brain differences may make us vulnerable to particular drugs. addictive drugs disrupt dopamine balance.

Effects of Alcohol on the Brain In a study published in the American Journal of Psychiatry (157:737-744, May 2000), researchers wanted to measure the effect of alcohol on the hippocampal region, the portion of the brain responsible for long-term memory storage, in adolescents. The researchers randomly selected 12 adolescents with alcohol use disorders to determine whether the hippocampal volumes in the alcoholic adolescents were less than the normal volume of 9.02 cubic centimeters $\left(\mathrm{cm}^{3}\right)$. An analysis of the sample data revealed that the hippocampal volume is approximately normal with $\bar{x}=8.10 \mathrm{~cm}^{3}$ and $s=0.7 \mathrm{~cm}^{3}$. Conduct the appropriate test at the $\alpha=0.01$ level of significance.

Statistics Informed Decisions Using Data

Hypothesis Tests Regarding a Parameter

Hypothesis Tests for a Population Mean

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