The egg forms a fertilization envelope that pulls away from the cell membrane due to water absorption by released by the cortical granules.
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Madhur L.
Time 1. Sperm and Egg Fuse Time 2. Cortical Granules Fuse with Plasma Membrane Time 3. Fertilization Envelope Forms H2O Molecule Fertilization Envelope Cortical Granule Plasma Membrane Perivitelline Space Sperm Nucleus Figure 1. Time course of events during fertilization of a sea urchin egg 6. Figure 1 shows the events during and immediately following fertilization of a sea urchin egg. Sexual reproduction relies on the successful fusion of only one sperm with one egg (time 1) during fertilization. In sea urchins, a diploid organism, several events prevent additional sperm from fertilizing the egg. One of the first events following fertilization is the fusion of secretory vesicles called cortical granules with the egg plasma membrane (time 2). The cortical granules release their contents, a mixture of polysaccharides and proteins, into the perivitelline space. Subsequent to this, water moves into the perivitelline space, causing it to expand and physically separate the fertilization envelope from the egg plasma membrane (time 3). The fertilization envelope prevents fusion of more than one sperm with the egg. (a) Provide ONE reason that preventing fusion of multiple sperm with one egg in sea urchins has provided a survival advantage over evolutionary time. (b) Describe how the release of the contents of the cortical granules into the perivitelline space results in the movement of water and causes the subsequent expansion of the perivitelline space.
Sri K.
After a spermatozoa penetrates an oocyte, it triggers cortical granule exocytosis. The granules release ___________ , and this allows for the influx of ___________ and this causes the formation of the ___________. Which of the following best fills in the blanks? Ca2+ , peroxide, fertilization envelope Serine proteases, H20, fertilization envelope H2O2, ZP3 , acrosomal vesicle PIP2, Ca2+, pronucleus
Nicholas M.
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