1. The following is a list of steps that occur during a neuron action potential. Place the steps in order, beginning with dendrite activation Ion-gated pumps transfer the +40mV charge along the axon The +40mV charge reaches the axon tip Ion gated channels activate and release Ca++ Dendrite of a neuron is activated by the environment Ca++ initiates the release of a neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft Ion-gated pumps activate in the axon The neurotransmitter activates a neighboring neuron's dendrite Na/K pumps activate, raising the internal charge to +40mV
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Beginning at a presynaptic neuron, place the events leading to an electrical impulse (action potential) being relayed into a postsynaptic neuron in the correct sequence from earliest to latest: 1. The presynaptic neuron releases neurotransmitter. 2. Ion movement at the postsynaptic membrane results in the generation of an action potential. 3. Neurotransmitters attach to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron.
Adi S.
Signals move between neurons at synapses. PROCESS: ACTION POTENTIAL TRIGGERS RELEASE OF NEUROTRANSMITTER. 1. Action potential arrives. Na+ and K+ channels. Action potentials. 2. Voltage-gated Ca2+ channels open. Presynaptic membrane (of axon). Synaptic vesicles. 3. Synaptic vesicles release neurotransmitter. 4. Neurotransmitter triggers change in postsynaptic cell potential. Postsynaptic membrane (of dendrite or cell body). 5. Neurotransmitter broken down or released. Synaptic cleft. Neurotransmitter. Neurotransmitters bind to ligand-gated ion channels that cause post-synaptic potentials
Shaiju T.
In most neurons, membrane depolarization leads to the opening of voltage-dependent ion channels, generation of an action potential, and, ultimately, an influx of $\mathrm{Ca}^{2+}$, which causes release of neurotransmitter at the axon terminus. Devise a cellular strategy by which hyperpolarization in rod cells could produce excitation of the visual pathway and passage of visual signals to the brain. (Hint: The neuronal signaling pathway in higher organisms consists of a series of neurons that relay information to the brain. The signal released by one neuron can be either excitatory or inhibitory to the following, postsynaptic neuron.)
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