The Galápagos Islands are volcanic islands formed more than a million years ago. The finches that inhabit the islands differ from those living on the mainland. The island finches vary from island to island, but aside from beak shape, these birds look almost identical. Finches are the only diverse group of land birds found on the islands. Each species of finch has a different beak shape. Some have woodpecker-like beaks and feed on insects beneath the bark of trees, and some have beaks similar to sparrows' beaks and eat small seeds. The finches are all nonmigratory and have a very short flying range. The nearest mainland is South America, which is located about 600 miles east of the islands.
Refer to the information above. Finch fossils from lower areas of the islands could be more alike than the present finches on these islands.
Agrees with evolution theory, but there is no evidence to support it.
Refer to the information above. The gene pool of the parrot-finch species is different from the gene pool of the woodpecker-finch species.
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Refer to the information above. The finches have become less diversified over the years because they participate in nonrandom mating.
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