The lymphatic system: collects fluid from around the brain and spinal cord. includes areas of high concentrations of APCs, T and B cells. is the site of B and T cell clonal deletion. has a pumping mechanism to move fluid. is very impermeable to extracellular fluid.
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The lymphatic system is an essential part of the circulation of blood and, thereby, an important component of the immune system. As the blood circulates, some blood plasma filters out of the blood capillaries into spaces between tissue cells called interstitial spaces. As interstitial fluid (the circulating fluid in interstitial spaces) moves around the tissue cells, it's picked up by microscopic vessels called lymph capillaries; this fluid is called lymph. Eventually, all the lymph is returned to the blood just before it enters the heart. Because lymphatic capillaries are very permeable, they readily pick up microorganisms or their products. At various points in the lymphatic system are oval structures called lymph nodes through which lymph flows. Within the lymph nodes are fixed macrophages, large white blood cells, that help clear the lymph of infectious microorganisms through phagocytosis. The immune response to antigens takes place primarily in the secondary lymphoid organs, such as the lymph nodes and spleen. The spleen is located in the upper left region of your abdomen – just behind your stomach and under your diaphragm. During the primary immune response, pathogens and their associated constituents are transported to these tissues, where microbial antigens are presented to B cells that constantly enter and leave the secondary lymphoid organs. Here the microbes are tagged with antibodies. A review of Mrs. Vasquez's history reveals that she ruptured her spleen in an automobile accident a few years ago, resulting in the removal of the organ in a procedure known as a splenectomy. Question 9: Why is the fact that the patient has no spleen important? A. The spleen is the site of B cell production. B. The spleen recognizes foreign antigens. C. The spleen regulates blood pressure. D. The spleen contains cells of the immune system like B and T cells
Md.Daniyal A.
25. Which of these is not true of peripheral nervous system (PNS)? A. Plexuses B. Ganglia C. Sensory receptors D. Brain E. Nerves 26. Your brain is divided into how many chambers? A. One B. Two C. Three D. Four E. Five 27. The spleen A. Filters damaged red blood cells from the blood B. Changes undifferentiated lymphocytes into competent lymphocytes C. Is necessary for life. It can’t be removed without causing death D. Filters lymph and not blood E. Has white pulp but lacks red pulp 28. Specific (Adaptive) immunity is stimulated by A. Antigens B. B cells C. Antibodies D. IgG E. All of the above 29. Antibodies factories are A. Cytotoxic T cells B. B Cells C. Helper T cells D. NK T cells E. Suppressor T. cells 30. Bean-shaped lymphatic organs found along lymphatic vessels is called A. Lymph nodules B. Thymus C. Cisterna chyli D. Lymph nodes E. Adenoid
Sri K.
Which of the following is correct concerning the lymphatic system? a. It plays a role in recovering fluid from the interstitial space. b. It returns lymph to the blood via two major ducts that empty directly into the aorta. c. It is essential to the body's ability to defend itself against various pathogens. d. Both a and c are correct. e. All of the above (a, b, and c) are correct.
Madhur L.
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