The major activity of transcription is to: pair codons with anticodons. replicate DNA. produce mRNA molecules. produce amino acids.
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Step 1: Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA. Show more…
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Replication is the process of producing an mRNA transcript from a DNA template. Proteins are composed of monomers called amino acids. Each triplet of nucleotides along a strand of mRNA is called a codon. In RNA, the nitrogen base that is complementary to adenine is uracil. Transfer RNA travels from the nucleus to the ribosome, carrying the protein-building information. The process of converting the base sequence of mRNA into the amino acid sequence of a protein is called translation. The start codon on every mRNA calls for the amino acid methionine. If the sequence on the DNA molecule calls for a protein with the following DNA codons: TAC CAA ACA TTA GTA ATT, what will be the sequence of the mRNA codons? What will be the sequence of the tRNA anticodons? What will be the amino acid sequence of the protein being made? DNA sequence: TAC CAA ACA TTA GTA ATT mRNA codons: AUG GUU UGU AAU CAU UAA tRNA anticodons: UAC CAA UGU AAU GAU UAA Amino acid sequence: Methionine Valine Cysteine Asparagine Histidine Stop
Dr. Anas S.
- The primary job of the mRNA molecule is to: * Bring amino acids to the ribosome Transcribe a message from a DNA molecule Translate the codons into a protein
Adi S.
26. To make RNA, the enzyme _________ is required. Transcription is initiated when this enzyme binds to a region of DNA called _________, and then synthesizes RNA following the base-pairing rule where _________ in RNA pairs with A in DNA, and _________ in RNA pairs with G in DNA. 27. Write the sequence of RNA that is complementary to DNA with the following sequence: DNA: -T A C G C A T G A- RNA: - 28. Newly synthesized pre-mRNA contains _________ that code for proteins and _________ that do not code for proteins. 29. After transcription, pre-mRNA is modified into mature mRNA by adding _________ and _________ and removing _________ through splicing. 30. pre-mRNA can be spliced in several ways. This is called _________ and is more responsible for a species complexity than is the number of genes or chromosomes. 31. A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides located in the _________. There are _________ codons for 20 amino acids so that mutation of one nucleotide does not always change the amino acid. 32. The start codon is _________, it codes for the amino acid _________. 33. The function of tRNA is to transfer _________ to the protein assembly line. 34. Anticodon is a sequence of three nucleotides located in the _________. If a codon is GAC, the anticodon should be _________. 35. There are less anticodons than codons. The _________ hypothesis suggests that the 3rd nucleotide of anticodon does not need to be strictly complimentary to codon. 36. Ribosome have three tRNA binding sites: _________, _________, and _________. Ribosomes join _________ together into peptide while scanning down mRNA. Since multiple ribosomes can bind to mRNA simultaneously, a _________ typically forms during translation. 37. Some peptides contain a _________ sequence at the newly synthesized end. This sequence directs ribosomes to attach to the _________. 38) Errors in transcription occur about 100,000 times as often as errors in DNA replication. Why can this high rate be tolerated in RNA synthesis but not in DNA synthesis?
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