00:01
Okay, in order to answer this question, we have to talk about cell transport.
00:04
First, it says that we have a cell.
00:06
And it says the sodium concentrations, so let's first suppose here we have an x concentration, for a concentration x for sodium, right for sodium, inside of the cell.
00:18
And it says the sodium concentration outside of the cell is 10 times it's like in the, inside of the cell.
00:25
So practically the concentrations of sodium here, outside of the cell, be 10x, 10 times x.
00:37
So the question says, how can the cell move sodium concentration inside out of the cell? it means the question is asking us to move a sodium in this direction.
00:51
Okay, so remember that when we talk about a concentration gradient, we move a substance down the concentration gradient when we move the substance from higher concentrations in this case, in this direction, from higher concentrations to lower concentrations in this direction.
01:07
Okay, and when we do that, we don't use energy and well, depending on the type of substance or molecule we want to move.
01:15
We're going to be a passive or simple diffusion or facilitated, okay? for example, if here we have higher concentrations of sodium and here we have lower concentrations of sodium, so down the concentration gradient is going to be in this direction, but sodium is an ion, so it cannot diffuse, directly the cell membrane like this, okay? it is going to acquire a protein channel.
01:39
And this is called facilitated diffusion.
01:41
But for example, in case of oxygen, if oxygen levels are higher here and are lower here, oxygen is a gas...