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Let examine how two different perspectives, behaviorism and cognitive psychology might describe the behavior of children walking in a line when going to class.
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First one is behaviorism.
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From a behaviorist perspective, this behavior can be explained through conditioning and reinforcement processes.
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Behaviorism focuses on observed behaviors and their relationships to external stimuli.
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According to behaviorists, the children's behavior of walking in a line can be attributed to the following factors.
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First one is classical conditioning.
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The children may have been classically conditioned to associate walking in a line with a particular stimulus such as teacher instruction or the ringing of a bell.
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Over time, the association between stimulus and the behavior becomes automatic and the children walk in a line without conscious thought.
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Second, then operant conditioning.
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The behavior of walking in a line may have been reinforced through operant conditioning.
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When a children walk in a line, they might receive positive reinforcement in a form of praise from the teachers or rewards like stickers or privileges.
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As a result, the behavior is strengthened and becomes more likely to recur in the future.
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Behaviorism focuses on external factors and the influence of the environment on behavior.
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From the perspective, the children behavior of walking in a line is seen as a result of conditioning and reinforcement mechanism.
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Then, cognitive psychology.
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Cognitive psychology explores how internal mental processes such as perception, memory and problem solving affect behavior...