00:01
All right, here we have this problem where we are told that we have this story about how hospitals are finding that populations of bacteria, such as staff, are evolving resistance to more commonly used antibiotics, such as metacillin, and as well as to the antibiotics of last resort, such as vancomycin, which of the following below are correct about how bacteria evolve antibiotic resistance.
00:25
So we're talking about the evolution of anti -biotic resistance, and we are told, to say which of these statements is true or false.
00:35
Now, i'm not going to write out each of these statements.
00:37
I'm just going to write number one, meaning the one that's on the top.
00:40
And that's going to be bacteria acquire antibiotic resistance through gene flow.
00:45
The antibiotic resistance gene then increases in a population as the bacteria survive and reproduce.
00:50
That is correct.
00:51
And that's just because of the horizontal gene transfer, which means that you can exchange genetic material with other genes, which means that if you, if one becomes, one strain becomes more resistant, then over time it's going to become more resistant in the population.
01:10
Number two, antibiotics stimulate mutations that can cause resistance in bacteria.
01:16
That's incorrect.
01:18
That's not what happens.
01:20
They have, a selective pressure that means that the ones that adapt are more likely to reproduce, but that doesn't mean that it causes mutations.
01:33
Now, number three, evolution of antibiotic resistance can happen in even a single bacteria.
01:40
That is correct...