(b) Inserting a stent can damage the artery. This damage can result in stent thrombosis if the blood clotting process is stimulated. A study looked at the damage caused by two different types of stent, stent A and stent B. The graph shows the incidence of stent thrombosis found in this study. Incidence of stent thrombosis (%) 2.0 1.0 0.0 0 1 2 3 Years after inserting the stent stent A stent B (i) In this study, 800 patients had stent A inserted and 400 patients had stent B inserted. Calculate the difference in the number of patients who developed stent thrombosis three years after inserting the stent. (2) Answer (ii) State how the formation of a blood clot in the coronary artery could cause the death of the patient. (1) (iii) Which components of the blood clotting process are enzymes in their active form? (1) A prothrombin and thromboplastin only B prothrombin and thrombin only C prothrombin, thrombin and thromboplastin D thrombin and thromboplastin only (iv) Which components of the blood clotting process are soluble in blood plasma? (1) A fibrin and fibrinogen B fibrin and thromboplastin C fibrinogen and thromboplastin D fibrinogen only (v) Stent B contains a drug to prevent stent thrombosis. Suggest one type of drug that could be used in stent B. (1) (Total for Question 3 = 9 marks)
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