Question

TUTORIAL QUESTIONS Q1 from your knowledge of the PCM ENCODER module, obtained during preparation for the experiment, calculate the sampling rate of the analog input signal. Show that it is the same for both the 4-bit and the 7-bit coding schemes. What can you say about the bandwidth of an input analog signal to be encoded? Q2 define what is meant by the data 'frame' in this experiment. Draw a diagram showing the composition of a frame for: a) the 4-bit coding scheme b) the 7-bit coding scheme Q3 it is possible to transmit each frame at a much slower rate than it was produced (and, of course, recover the original message as well). Explain how this might be done. When might this be an advantage ? Q4 explain why a DC message gives a stable oscilloscope display of the PCM DATA output. Why is the display 'unstable' when a sine wave (for example) is the message ? Q5 for the 4-bit encoder draw a diagram showing the amplitude quantization levels and the corresponding binary numbers used to encode them. Describe how this information was obtained experimentally. Q6 two PCM signals can be combined to produce a time division multiplexed (PCM TDM) signal. With the measurements so far performed this does not seem (and indeed, is not) possible with two PCM ENCODER modules! Why is this so? Suggest what changes could be made to the module to implement PCM TDM 2. Q7 if you have studied the principles of companding in your course, describe its advantages. Then, if not already done so, plot the shape of the TIMS compression law introduced by the companding operation you measured. Compare this with published information about the 'A' and 'u' companding laws used respectively in Europe and the USA.

          TUTORIAL QUESTIONS
Q1 from your knowledge of the PCM ENCODER module, obtained during
preparation for the experiment, calculate the sampling rate of the
analog input signal. Show that it is the same for both the 4-bit and
the 7-bit coding schemes. What can you say about the bandwidth of
an input analog signal to be encoded?
Q2 define what is meant by the data 'frame' in this experiment. Draw a diagram
showing the composition of a frame for:
a) the 4-bit coding scheme
b) the 7-bit coding scheme
Q3 it is possible to transmit each frame at a much slower rate than it was
produced (and, of course, recover the original message as well).
Explain how this might be done. When might this be an advantage ?
Q4 explain why a DC message gives a stable oscilloscope display of the PCM
DATA output. Why is the display 'unstable' when a sine wave (for
example) is the message ?
Q5 for the 4-bit encoder draw a diagram showing the amplitude quantization
levels and the corresponding binary numbers used to encode them.
Describe how this information was obtained experimentally.
Q6 two PCM signals can be combined to produce a time division multiplexed
(PCM TDM) signal. With the measurements so far performed this
does not seem (and indeed, is not) possible with two PCM ENCODER
modules! Why is this so? Suggest what changes could be made to
the module to implement PCM TDM 2.
Q7 if you have studied the principles of companding in your course, describe its
advantages. Then, if not already done so, plot the shape of the TIMS
compression law introduced by the companding operation you
measured. Compare this with published information about the 'A'
and 'u' companding laws used respectively in Europe and the USA.

TUTORIAL QUESTIONS
Q1 from your knowledge of the PCM ENCODER module, obtained during
preparation for the experiment, calculate the sampling rate of the
analog input signal. Show that it is the same for both the 4-bit and
the 7-bit coding schemes. What can you say about the bandwidth of
an input analog signal to be encoded?
Q2 define what is meant by the data 'frame' in this experiment. Draw a diagram
showing the composition of a frame for:
a) the 4-bit coding scheme
b) the 7-bit coding scheme
Q3 it is possible to transmit each frame at a much slower rate than it was
produced (and, of course, recover the original message as well).
Explain how this might be done. When might this be an advantage ?
Q4 explain why a DC message gives a stable oscilloscope display of the PCM
DATA output. Why is the display 'unstable' when a sine wave (for
example) is the message ?
Q5 for the 4-bit encoder draw a diagram showing the amplitude quantization
levels and the corresponding binary numbers used to encode them.
Describe how this information was obtained experimentally.
Q6 two PCM signals can be combined to produce a time division multiplexed
(PCM TDM) signal. With the measurements so far performed this
does not seem (and indeed, is not) possible with two PCM ENCODER
modules! Why is this so? Suggest what changes could be made to
the module to implement PCM TDM 2.
Q7 if you have studied the principles of companding in your course, describe its
advantages. Then, if not already done so, plot the shape of the TIMS
compression law introduced by the companding operation you
measured. Compare this with published information about the 'A'
and 'u' companding laws used respectively in Europe and the USA.

Added by Judy W.

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