Use the image of the tRNA shown below to answer the following questions. (a) What 2 types of bonds maintain the tRNA's shape? (1) i. ii. (b) What type of bonds form between a codon and its anticodon? (0.5) (c) Which codon would this tRNA base-pair with? Write the codon's sequence in the 5' to 3' direction. (1) [HINT: Be sure to check where the 5' and 3' ends of the tRNA are]. (d) Suppose all of the cell's copies of the tRNA shown in the figure had a "U" instead of the "G" that is labeled with a red arrow. How would this affect protein synthesis in the cell? (2.5) [Explain your reasoning and show your work for partial credit.]
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Step 1: The two types of bonds that maintain the tRNA's shape are hydrogen bonds and covalent bonds. Show more…
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Question 1 (14 marks) A. The diagram below shows a tRNA molecule. (i) Which part of a cell is the tRNA produced? (1 mark) (ii) Which part of this tRNA molecule (X, Y, Z) is amino acid attached to? Is ATP or GTP required in the formation of this attachment? (2 marks) (iii) Which part of this tRNA molecule (X, Y, Z) binds to mRNA? Name the bond formed at this part of tRNA with mRNA. (2 marks) (iv) Write the sequence of consecutive Z and amino acid sequence corresponding to the following mRNA sequence. 3' AUGCCGUACUAG 5' In your answer, copy the mRNA sequence. Below the mRNA sequence, write the tRNA sequence with 5' & 3' labels (from left to right), AND the amino acid sequence. (4 marks) B. A polypeptide has 51 amino acids in its primary structure. (i) What is the minimum number of DNA bases required to code for the amino acids in this polypeptide? Show your calculation. (3 marks) (ii) Does AUG appear in the first three nucleotides in the mRNA coding for this mRNA? Explain why. (2 marks)
Yanni D.
Protein synthesis employs tRNA molecules as cofactors in the process. The image shows the common 2-D model of a tRNA. The following questions match the letters identified in the image. i) Explain what the 3' end of the tRNA is used for. Describe the chemical process that occurs at this end. ii) The loop identified as (b) in the image contains three nucleotides that are significant to selecting the correct aminoacyl-tRNA. If one of the three nucleotides were to be altered, which would have the greatest impact on the amino acid being added and which would have the least impact on the amino acid added? Be sure to explain your answer. iii) The structure of a tRNA is stabilized by complement base pairing. Explain why the stems have more C/G pairs than A/T pairs.
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(5) a. In the diagram, label the indicated parts _ site Label the 5' and 3' ends of the messenger RNA in the diagram: The triplet of (RNA nucleotides responsible for insertion of the correct amino acid into protein chain by complementing with triplet of mRNA is known as the the last three nucleotides always found at the 3' end of tRNA? What are to draw two (RNA molecules with attached amino acids. Two amino Use the space below acids will be joined by bond t0 form dipeptide The enzyme Explain how the bond between the two responsible for this reaction is amino acids is formed and show the final result by drawing additional diagram.
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