An IP packet with 2500 bytes of data plus header passes through an IP network with MTU of 500. How many additional bytes will be delivered at the destination? (4 marks) Change the following IP address from dotted decimal notation to binary notation. [2Marks] 111.56.45.78 24. Find the error if any in the following IP address in the dotted decimal notation. [2Marks) 11100010.23.14.67 What does the port number in a TCP connection specify? [2 marks] Why is it necessary to have both IP address and port number in a packet? [3 marks] Which of the TCP. UDP and IP provides reliable communication? [1 marks] Why is there error in the IP address 111.56.045.78 (3 marks]
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Part 1: IP Packet Fragmentation **Question:** An IP packet with 2500 bytes of data plus header passes through an IP network with MTU of 500. How many additional bytes will be delivered at the destination? ** Show more…
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Q1. Hierarchical IP Address 1.1 Give a non-network example of hierarchical addressing and discuss how it reduces the amount of work needed in physical delivery. Do not use any example in the book, the postal service, or the telephone network. 1.2 A firm is assigned the network part 128.171. It selects a 10-bit subnet part. a) Draw the bits for the four octets of the IP address of the first host on the first subnet. (Hint: as we don't use all 1 or all 0, the 1st subnet/host is 00...01, while the last subnet/host is 11...10. The number of 1s and 0s in the expression depends on the length of the subnet/host part) b) Convert this answer into dotted decimal notation. c) Draw the bits for the second host on the third subnet. (In binary, 2 is 10, while 3 is 11.) d) Convert this into dotted decimal notation. e) Draw the bits for the last host on the (last number of your ID, if zero, use the one before the last number)th subnet. f) Convert this answer into dotted decimal notation. Q2. Wireshark for Packet Information 2. Visit calstate.edu, login to the system with your ID/password. Use Wireshark to capture this process. Find the packets with the following protocols: 1) TCP 2) UDP 3) HTTP and answer the following questions: a) What's the source/destination IP address? b) What type of protocol is it? c) What are the source and destination port numbers?
Akash M.
Data are transmitted over the Internet in datagrams, which are structured blocks of bits. Each datagram contains header information organized into a maximum of 14 different fields (specifying many things, including the source and destination addresses) and a data area that contains the actual data that are transmitted. One of the 14 header fields is the header length field (denoted by HLEN), which is specified by the protocol to be 4 bits long and that specifies the header length in terms of 32-bit blocks of bits. For example, if HLEN = 0110, the header is made up of six 32-bit blocks. Another of the 14 header fields is the 16-bit-long total length field (denoted by TOTAL LENGTH), which specifies the length in bits of the entire datagram, including both the header fields and the data area. The length of the data area is the total length of the datagram minus the length of the header. a) The largest possible value of TOTAL LENGTH (which is 16 bits long) determines the maximum total length in octets (blocks of 8 bits) of an Internet datagram. What is this value? b) The largest possible value of HLEN (which is 4 bits long) determines the maximum total header length in 32-bit blocks. What is this value? What is the maximum total header length in octets? c) The minimum (and most common) header length is 20 octets. What is the maximum total length in octets of the data area of an Internet datagram? d) How many different strings of octets in the data area can be transmitted if the header length is 20 octets and the total length is as long as possible?
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7. Which fields in the IP datagram always change from one datagram to the next within this series of UDP segments sent by your computer destined to 128.119.245.12, via traceroute? Why? 8. Which fields in this sequence of IP datagrams (containing UDP segments) stay constant? Why? 9. Describe the pattern you see in the values in the Identification field of the IP datagrams being sent by your computer. Now let's take a look at the ICMP packets being returned to your computer by the intervening routers where the TTL value was decremented to zero (and hence caused the ICMP error message to be returned to your computer). The display filter that you can use to show just these packets is "ip.dst==192.168.86.61 and icmp". 10. What is the upper layer protocol specified in the IP datagrams returned from the routers? [Note: the answers for Linux/MacOS differ from Windows here]. 11. Are the values in the Identification fields (across the sequence of all ICMP packets from all routers) similar in behavior to your answer to question 9 above? 12. Are the values of the TTL fields similar across all ICMP packets from all routers?
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