Imagine you are working in a lab and are developing a protocol that requires you to temporarily stop the growth of a population of bacteria grown in a test tube. You decide you want to do this using an antibiotic that functions as an enzyme inhibitor and that you can add and remove the antibiotic from the test tube. Which of the following statements is true? Choose only the best answer. Question 12 options: The antibiotic should be a non-competitive enzyme inhibitor. The antibiotic should be a non-reversible enzyme inhibitor. The antibiotic should be a reversible enzyme inhibitor. The antibiotic should be a competitive enzyme inhibitor.
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2. With enzymes, metabolic reactions are able to...MARK ALL THAT APPLY a. occur at high temperatures. b. occur very slowly. c. occur more frequently. d. occur at lower temperatures. e. cause the reaction to release more energy. 3. Which of the following is / are true regarding non-competitive inhibition? MARK ALL THAT APPLY a. The inhibitor binds to an allosteric site. d. The inhibitor binds to the catalytic site. b. It is not affected by the concentration of substrates. e. It does not affect the shape of the catalytic site. c. It can be decreased by adding more substrate. 4. Gene expression and enzyme function are regulated a number of ways. Genes for enzymes involved in tryptophan synthesis are not transcribed if tryptophan is in excess. This is an example of: a. noncompetitive inhibition b. inducible regulation c. constitutive regulation d. repressible regulation e. competitive inhibition 5. During competitive inhibition, the competitive inhibitor... a. modifies the shape of the catalytic site. d. cannot be overcome by adding more substrate. b. changes the concentration of the enzyme. e. any of these could apply. c. mimics the shape of the substrate. 6. The electron transport chain [ETC] in prokaryotes takes place here: a. the cell membrane b. ribosomes c. the chromosome d. the cell wall e. none of these; prokaryotes are unable to perform this process since they lack mitochondria. 7. You are developing a drug that prevents bacteria from making NADH and FADH2. Small amounts of ATP, however, are still made. This drug selectively targets: a. substrate level phosphorylation b. glycolysis c. Krebs cycle d. electron transport chain e. fermentation 8. One reason studying enzymes is important in the field of microbiology is because... a. enzymes are stable under many environmental conditions such as high heat and changes in pH. b. differences in enzymes reflect genetic differences among microbes. c. enzymes are made of ribosomal RNA and can be targeted with antibiotics like tetracycline. d. most disinfectants used in a microbiology laboratory will not change enzyme function of microbes. As a result, if common disinfectants accidentally come in contact with microbes being used in an experiment, the microbe will not be harmed. e. all these are reasons to study enzymes.
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Some inhibitors are reversible while others are permanent. Why is it important in medicine for some inhibitors to be reversible? Use the graph that compares enzyme reaction rates with substrate concentrations when different inhibitors are present. Use the data presented on the graph to answer questions about the use of an enzyme inhibitor. Inhibitors are often used in the pharmaceutical industry to create medications to regulate enzyme activity. Examples of Types of Inhibitors: Methotrexate is a competitive inhibitor drug. It inhibits dihydrofolate reductase and ultimately disrupts DNA replication processes in cancer cells. Tacrine is a non-competitive inhibitor drug used to treat mild dementia. It reversibly inhibits acetylcholinesterase, an enzyme that breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Camptothecin is an uncompetitive inhibitor. These types of inhibitors bind to the enzyme-substrate complex, resulting in decreased enzyme concentration over time and prevention of enzyme product. This drug component binds to Topoisomerase I when it is bound to DNA and prevents DNA replication in cancer cells. 80 60 40 20 0 0 10 20 Reaction Rate Substrate Concentration A B C D A- Without Inhibitor B- Competitive Inhibitor C- Noncompetitive Inhibitor D- Uncompetitive Inhibitor
Which statement(s) are true (check all that apply)? Noncompetitive inhibitors have the same shape and charge as the substrate that usually reacts with the enzyme Competitive inhibitors have a similar structure to the substrate that usually reacts with the enzyme Noncompetitive inhibitors block the enzyme's active site. Enzyme inhibitors can slow reactions
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