Plasmid replication and its control: theta replication, rolling circle ColE1 replication control Incompatibility Addiction modules Explain the following topics for microbial physiology
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Compare theta and rolling circle forms of DNA replication, indicating the intermediate forms that are produced and the processes that occur. Which is most likely to form concatemers, and how can this be used in phage replication? Give an example and discuss.
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Fill in using this word bank: extrachromosomally (episomally) phage packaging prototrophs F Factor Specialized homologous recombination Hfr strain generalized transduction transformation F- theta replication auxotrophs heat shock F+ a. The reciprocal exchange of DNA between two DNA fragments of identical (or at least close to identical) sequences is called b. A plasmid can be maintained or integrate into bacterial chromosome. c. In transduction, all bacterial DNA has equal probability of being packaged. d. In , phage genome integrates into bacterial genome creating a prophage. e. can grow on minimal medium without added nutrients. f. The bacterial genome uses to make copies prior to binary fission. g. In , the phage injects its DNA into a bacterial cell. h. The contains ~100,000 base pairs and contains 19 genes that encode for proteins involved in pili synthesis and other functions i. can be used to create artificially competent recipient bacteria. j. In normal conjugation, recipient cells are k. Lambda bacteriophage assembles new virus during the process of
1. In order to transfer, an F factor must have which of the following? a. oriV and its own DNA polymerase b. oriV and tra genes c. oriT and tra genes d. oriT and its own DNA polymerase e. oriT, tra genes, and its own DNA polymerase 2. Order the steps in plasmid rolling circle replication: 1) free 3'OH serves as a primer for DNA pol III to replicate a circle and displace one strand; 2) Ligase seals the new copy; 3) Rep makes a nick at the double-stranded origin (DSO); 4) Rep makes another nick and releases the ssDNA; 5) DNA Pol III replicates a new strand and displaces the old strand; 6) DNA Pol I degrades the RNA primer and ligase joins the ends; 7) Host RNA pol makes a primer on the ssDNA; a. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. b. 3, 1, 5, 4, 2, 7, 6. c. 5, 2, 3, 7, 4, 6, 1. d. 1, 3, 5, 7, 6, 4, 2. e. 4, 2, 6, 1, 3, 5, 7. 3. Which of the following is the activator of the SOS response? a. RecA b. LexA c. FtsZ d. sulA e. uvrA 4. Spontaneous mutations can be caused by a. tautomers having altered base pairings. b. acridine intercalating into DNA. c. UV causing pyrimidine dimers. d. 5-bromouracil. e. alkylating agents. 5. Plasmid copy number can be regulated by the following mechanism(s). a. making an antisense RNA hybridizing to the RNA primer that serves as a DNA replication primer b. making an antisense RNA that inhibits the translation of Rep protein c. making an antisense RNA that regulates the transcription of the rep gene d. A and B e. A, B, C
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