What is the primary role of the basal ganglia in motor control? A initiating muscle contractions directly through spinal motor neurons B coordinating balance and posture via feedback from the vestibular system C modulating movement initiation and suppression through excitatory and inhibitory pathways D planning complex motor sequences in the premotor cortex
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The cerebellum controls the performance of rapid movements by: a. directly stimulating AHCs of the acting muscles b. by storing pre-planned motor programs for these movements c. by rapidly receiving proprioceptive information from the acting muscles d. by inhibiting antagonistic muscles
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The basal ganglia: Regulates movement; Integrates and coordinates the activity of sensorimotor structures. Initiates movement: d. None of the above, All the above.
Which of the following statements is true regarding action selection? a. The direct pathway of the striatum encodes benefit and is mediated by D1 receptors, which are excitatory. b. The indirect pathway of the striatum encodes costs and is mediated by D2 receptors, which are inhibitory. c. Action selection and movement initiation in Parkinson's disease are enhanced because the dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra compacta (SNc) become overexcitable. d. The basal ganglia and dopaminergic systems play important roles in action selection, such as for voluntary movements. e. a, b, & d
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