Which is not correct about pellagra? A It was once widespread in the southern United States when people relied on corn as a dietary staple. B Diarrhea is a symptom. C Dementia is a symptom. D Symptoms occur due to a lack of collagen synthesis.
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Pellagra is: a) A disease caused by a deficiency of niacin in the diet and characterized by skin eruptions, digestive and nervous system disturbances, and eventual mental deterioration. b) Inflammation of several nerves at one time caused by a deficiency of thiamin, marked by paralysis, pain, and muscle wasting. Also called multiple neuritis or polyneuritis. c) A severe form of anemia most often affecting elderly adults, caused by a failure of the stomach to absorb vitamin B12 and characterized by abnormally large red blood cells, gastrointestinal disturbances, and lesions of the spinal cord. Also called pernicious anemia or malignant anemia. d) All of the above
Adi S.
1. Older adults should: a. not consume fiber on a daily basis. b. avoid the consumption of calcium. c. consume foods high in saturated fats. d. increase the intake of vitamin D. e. consume three times as much protein as younger adults. 2. Which of the following is a long-term symptom of elevated blood lead concentrations in children? a. shortness of breath. b. fever. c. rashes. d. reduced bone and muscle growth. e. suppressed immune system. 3. Which of the following is NOT a symptom of an allergic reaction? a. irritated or reddened eyes. b. tingling sensation in the mouth and tongue. c. development of hives or rashes. d. sudden increase in blood pressure. e. asthma or wheezing. 4. What should parents or caregivers do to eliminate any obvious cause of hyperactivity in a boy who cannot concentrate on his school work? a. reduce the hours he sleeps to keep him calm during the day. b. include mostly high-fiber, low-fat foods in his diet. c. eliminate all sources of sugars from his diet. d. reduce his physical activity. e. make sure he eats regular, nutritious meals. 5. Identify the role of epinephrine: a. it supplies excess insulin in diabetic patients. b. it helps restrict the growth of bacterial cells that invade the human body. c. it is used as a method of immunization against chicken pox. d. it helps open the airways and maintain heartbeat and blood pressure during an immune reaction. e. it helps destroy abnormal cells that develop in the body. 6. ______ is characterized by the development of unpleasant symptoms that consistently occur after the consumption of certain foods: a. a food allergy. b. a food intolerance. c. a food faddism. d. a food immunity. e. a food aversion.
Shaiju T.
11. Which of the following INCORRECTLY matches the vitamin with a consequence or concern related to a deficiency of that vitamin? a. vitamin B12—The risk of deficiency is increased in the elderly. b. thiamin—Those who abuse alcohol are at particularly high risk of a deficiency. c. folate—A deficiency impairs hemoglobin synthesis. d. folic acid—A deficiency during pregnancy increases the risk of neural tube defects in the infant. 12. Which of the following choices does NOT correctly match the nutrient with one of its primary functions? a. vitamin B6—amino acid metabolism b. niacin—DNA repair c. choline—incorporation into cell membranes d. pantothenic acid—antioxidant 13. Which of the following is NOT true of vitamin C? a. Chili peppers are an outstanding source of the vitamin. b. It functions as an antioxidant. c. Regular supplements do not alter the duration of a cold. d. A deficiency can cause blood vessels to leak. 14. Which choice INCORRECTLY pairs the vitamin with the name of its deficiency disease? a. niacin—pellagra b. riboflavin—ariboflavinosis c. vitamin B6—beriberi d. vitamin C—scurvy 15. Which of the following is NOT a typical cause of a vitamin deficiency? a. decreased vitamin absorption b. increased vitamin requirements c. increased vitamin losses d. decreased vitamin synthesis
Sri K.
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