00:01
Okay, so the question is, explain how, or rather, let's begin with this chart.
00:06
So this chart is explaining several different characteristics of a streptococcus species of bacteria and comparing that to a patient sample.
00:16
And so the first question is how horse blood auger differentiates between different species of bacteria.
00:24
What is the significance of the quagulase test? and then based on your results from the quagulase test and colony peering, of on the hba plate, what is your identification of the infective bacterium and what antibiotic would you prescribe? all right, so let's get our pen and let's do that color.
00:45
Okay, so, excuse me, so how does hba plates, how do hba plates differentiate between species? that's actually this right here, this column.
00:57
So, how does that work? well, this is testing to see.
01:02
See if bacteria that you're looking at, if it secretes a protein and an enzyme, known as a hemolycin, a hemolycin.
01:18
And this is basically an protein that will degrade blood cells, right? hemolysis, hemolysis.
01:27
And this is looking at, there are different, there are different levels of, there are different levels of homolysis.
01:43
So first is gamma homolysis.
01:46
So gamma means that actually no homolytus has taken place.
01:54
The blood plates are still going to look red, essentially.
01:57
They're still going to have blood there.
02:00
Let's put the bacteria in.
02:03
Let's do blue.
02:10
Okay.
02:10
So that's the bacteria.
02:11
Bacterium blue, that's the colony that we're growing, no homolysis.
02:15
That is called gamma.
02:24
And by the way, hemolysis means the breakdown of blood cells.
02:28
So gamma homolysis.
02:32
The next bit is alpha haemolysis.
02:42
So alpha homolysis is incomplete homolysis.
02:56
And with incomplete homolysis, you will get a zone, a clearing.
03:03
But it won't be something that you can see all the way through.
03:06
It won't be translucent.
03:07
It won't be transparent.
03:09
Instead, you'll get this kind of green, and this is a little too green.
03:19
That's better.
03:21
You'll get something like this around in the clearing.
03:32
So instead of just red, you'll see this kind of greenish yellow clearing...