00:01
So these eight stages, they span from infancy to adulthood.
00:04
So the first stage would be trust or mistrust.
00:15
This would be basically infancy to about zero or one years old.
00:19
In this stage, we have the infants learn to trust their caregivers to meet their needs.
00:25
So successful completion leads to the sense of security and optimism, while failure would then result in mistrust and insecurity.
00:34
So the second stage would be autonomy versus shame and doubt.
00:48
And this would be early childhood, about one to three years old.
00:52
So toddlers learn to exercise well and do things independently or they doubt their abilities.
00:58
And then third would be the initiative versus guilt.
01:04
So this would be basically preschool, three to six children in this stage would assert themselves more frequently.
01:18
Successful completion here would lead to a sense of initiative while failure would result in a sense of guilt.
01:26
Fourth would be industry versus inferiority.
01:36
So here children need to cope with new social and academic demands and this is about school age 6 to 12.
01:43
Success here leads to a sense of competence while failure would lead to feelings of inferiority.
01:50
And then fifth would be the identity versus role confusion.
02:00
This would be adolescents about 12 to 18 years old.
02:03
So here adolescents would explore their independence and develop a sense of self...