What determines osmosis from one fluid compartment to another? A. The relative volume in each compartment B. The blood pressure C. The relative concentration of salutes in each compartment D. The relative size of each compartment E. The temperature difference between compartments
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Osmosis is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration. Show more…
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Paramecium caudatum, a single-celled protist that resides in freshwater lakes and ponds. These organisms contain unique organelles called contractile vacuoles that, when filled with water, will contract and remove excess water from the cytoplasm. An experiment was conducted to observe the speed of contraction of this vacuole in varying solute concentrations in the environment. The rate at which the contractile vacuole contracted and refilled was measured and plotted against the osmolarity of the environment. The graph shows the relationship between the contraction rate and the osmolarity of the environment. Which of the following is the correct explanation for the data? A. The contraction rate of the vacuole increases as the osmolarity of the environment decreases because water moves into the vacuole through osmosis. B. The contraction rate of the vacuole decreases as the osmolarity of the environment decreases because water moves out of the vacuole through osmosis. C. The contraction rate of the vacuole decreases as the osmolarity of the environment increases because water moves out of the vacuole through osmosis. D. The contraction rate of the vacuole increases as the osmolarity of the environment increases because more ATP is produced from cellular respiration. E. The contraction rate of the vacuole is not affected by the osmolarity of the environment because diffusion of water into the vacuole is independent of solute concentration.
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Two systems are set up with semipermeable membranes separating solutions of unequal concentrations of NaCl. Each system has one solution that is 1.0 M and another solution that is 0.010 mM. They differ, however, in the temperatures at which they are maintained. One is held at 2°C and the other is held at 85°C. Which has the larger osmotic pressure? a. The osmotic pressures are the same. b. The hot system has the higher osmotic pressure. c. The cold system has the higher osmotic pressure. d. No osmotic pressure exists in either system.
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