what does it mean to say "correlation does not imply causation"? list a pair of variables that have correlation but no cause-and-effect relationship. what does it mean to say "correlation does not imply causation"? a. the fact that two variables are strongly correlated does not in itself imply a cause-and-effect relationship between the variables. b. the fact that two variables are strongly correlated implies a cause-and-effect relationship between the variables. c. two variables can only be strongly correlated if there existed a cause-and-effect relationship between the variables. d. two variables that have a cause-and-effect relationship are never correlated. which of the following pairs of variables have correlation, but no cause-and-effect relationship? a. number of school buses at a school and the number of teachers at a school b. the number of students per teacher at a school and the number of teachers at a school c. the number of students per teacher at a school and the number of students at a school d. number of school buses at a school and the number of students at a school
Added by Ismael L.
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This phrase means that just because two variables change together (correlation), it does not necessarily mean that one variable causes the change in the other (causation). Show moreā¦
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Adi S.
In your own words, what does it mean to say "correlation does not imply causation"? List a pair of variables that have correlation but no cause-and-effect relationship.
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There is a famous saying in statistics that "Correlation does not imply causation". Please address the following questions: 1) What does this statement mean? 2) In statistics, there are what are called 'spurious' correlations and 'lurking variables'. What do these terms mean? Does a spurious correlation necessarily have a lurking variable, or could it just be a coincidence? 3) Finally, go to any website and find a spurious correlation. Do not choose one that another student has chosen. The spurious correlation can be implied or explicitly stated by the authors. What are the variables being correlated? Why is the correlation spurious? Are there any lurking variables that could otherwise explain the correlation, or is it simply a coincidence? This website has some good examples: http://www.tylervigen.com/spurious-correlations
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