00:01
Hello everyone, so here we are given a series of question based on this pcr that is a polymerase chain reaction.
00:10
So this polymerase chain reaction or the pcr is a technique which is used in the lab to make millions of copies of a particular section of dna particular section of dna.
00:33
Now here we are given some questions of which the first part of the question here asked is what happens during the denaturation step of pcr denaturation step of pcr.
00:50
So the denaturation step is a important step in the pcr and in this step the ingredients are heated to 94 to 95 degree celsius and this high temperature will causes the hydrogen bonds breaks between the that is the high temperature cause hydrogen bonds between the bases in template dna strand to break and these two strands are separated.
01:23
So this will result in a two single strands of dna and this step usually takes between 15 to 30 seconds.
01:33
Now second question is what happens during the annealing step of pcr.
01:39
So in the annealing step of the pcr the reaction is cooled to 50 to 65 degree celsius.
01:49
So this will enables the primer to attach to a specific location to attach to a specific location on single stranded template dna by way of hydrogen bonding and this step usually takes about 10 to 30 seconds.
02:17
Now third question here asked is what happens during the extension or synthesis step of pcr.
02:25
So this is the final step final step of pcr and here the heat is increased heat is increased to 72 degree celsius which will enable new dna to made by a specialized enzyme called tag polymerase enzyme which adds the dna bases.
02:56
Now fourth question here asked is by what factor does the dna quantity increase with each round of the pcr reaction.
03:06
So the number of template should double after each cycle.
03:19
So we can say that the dna increases by a factor of by a factor of 1 plus n where n is the cycle efficiency.
03:40
Now next question is what does gel electrophoresis accomplish and how does it work...