What is considered to be the gold standard for the diagnosis of histoplasmosis? Fungal culture test Blood serum antigen levels Chest x-ray Fungal culture
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A 47-year-old man from Cincinnati, Ohio, suspected to have community-acquired pneumonia was treated with antibiotics. When he failed to improve, histoplasmosis was considered. Among the tests ordered were serology, direct examination, and culture of induced sputum. In culture, the microscopic morphology most useful in identification of the etiologic agent is? A. Arthroconidia B. Microconidia C. Sclerotic Bodies D. Spherules E. Tuberculate macroconidia
Sri K.
A 40-year old woman from Washington D.C. was admitted to the hospital for investigation of a mass in her right lung. She was on chemotherapy and the cancer seemed to be going into remission. There were no complaints outside those associated with the anti-cancer medication, except that she possessed a slight, chronic cough. Past history revealed a flu-like illness six weeks prior to admission, while she was visiting her sister in California. X-rays showed a well-delineated round density in the right lower lobe. A skin test for tuberculosis was negative. The nodule was surgically removed, and some of the specimen was sent for mycology culture. Within four days, a white fluffy mold grew well on plain SABHI agar and media with cycloheximide and chloramphenicol. 1. What disease do you suspect? A. Fungus ball with Scedosporium apiospermum B. Abscess with Candida albicans C. Pulmonary coccidiomycosis D. Trichophyton mentagrophytes infection E. Infection due to Geotrichum candidum F. Histosplasma capsulatum
Adi S.
1. Once a person has been infected with any specific fungus, the body will develop long-term immunity against that species and be protected against reinfection in the future. True False 2. Direct examination of patient samples is often a part of diagnosing and treating a fungal infection because fungi generally don't grow well on artificial media. treatment must often be initiated immediately and fungi are slow to grow. fungi may change species when grown in the laboratory. fungi will change from a mycelial phase to a yeast phase when grown in the laboratory. 3. Please choose the best explanation for why serological testing (for antibody), although a standard test for systemic mycoses, is not necessarily the definitive test for the disease. The presence of the fungus in the patient’s tissues more reliably indicates disease. Newer molecular genetics tests, such as DNA probes and PCR, can more easily identify the organism. All of these choices are correct. The presence of patient antibodies to a fungus does not necessarily mean that the person has the disease at present. There can be false positive and false negative tests for the presence of antibody. 4. Persons suffering from AIDS are particularly susceptible to fungal infection because the most important defenses against infection are all dependent on the action of white blood cells True False
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