What is the primary purpose of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in bacteria? Select one: O a. DNA replication Ob. Protein synthesis O c. Movement of bacteria d. Transfer of genetic material between organisms
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Why is horizontal gene transfer in bacteria important? A – it increase genetic variation when bacteria acquire DNA from other bacteria B- it prevents bacterial species from developing resistance to antibiotics C – it allows prokaryotes within the same species to exchange genes D – scientists developed this technique to make transgenic organisms E – it is a mechanism that allows genes to be passed to daughter cells
Adi S.
The introductory passage describes how Vibrio cholerae bacteria can take up genes from their prey through horizontal gene transfer. Based on the introductory passage and the material in the chapter, classify the following examples of gene transfer as horizontal gene transfer, vertical gene transfer, or neither. Options: a. DNA from mature organism to mature organism b. transformation c. a gene that is different in two related species as a result of a mutated ancestral gene d. DNA from virus to mature organism e. conjugation f. transduction g. transposition (by transposable elements) h. a gene shared by several species inherited from a common ancestor i. DNA from parent to offspring
Maitreya E.
We have two specific strains of E. coli that have shown horizontal gene transfer (HGT) when mixed. To experimentally determine the method of HGT that is happening, the following conditions are set up in different tubes of culture media: A) Donor and recipient strain mixed together (control - no treatment). B) Donor and recipient strains mixed together, DNase added (can digest DNA in solution, not within cells). C) Special tube containing a membrane filter (with pores that allow DNA and viruses to pass through, but not bacterial cells) that separates two compartments. Donor strain is added on one side, the recipient strain on the other (they are separated by the filter). D) Donor and recipient strains mixed together, with chemical that inactivates viruses (chemical affects bacteriophages in solution so they are unable to attach to cells). The results: Tubes A, C, and D: HGT was observed. Tube B: HGT was NOT observed. Based on this, which type of HGT was occurring? Conjugation, transduction or transformation. Transformation. Transduction. Conjugation.
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