What is the role of a brief period of high-intensity and high-frequency synaptic stimulation, known as a tetanus, in the context of synaptic plasticity? It has no effect on synaptic plasticity. It induces long-term depression (LTD) of synaptic transmission. It blocks NMDA receptor-channels. It leads to long-term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic transmission.
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What causes synaptic facilitation? Release of a greater than usual number of synaptic vesicles Activation of synaptotagmin by means of phosphorylation Buildup of Ca2+ in the presynaptic terminal Release of synaptic vesicles loaded with extra neurotransmitter Which process differentiates long-term from short-term sensitization? Changes in the synapses between the sensory and motor neurons Synaptic transmission between the facilitatory and sensory neurons Changes in gene expression Production of cAMP Which condition(s) must be met to induce LTP? Glutamate must be released from the presynaptic terminal Glutamate must open the postsynaptic AMPA receptors The postsynaptic membrane must be depolarized for a period of time Mg2+ block must be expelled from NMDA receptors to allow Ca2+ influx All of the above Which observation would demonstrate the spike timing-dependent plasticity of synapses? Whether or not LTP occurs is dependent on the specific temporal pattern of action potentials. Switching the relative timing of action potential and EPSP by as little as 20 ms can switch the response from LTD to LTP, or vice versa. LTP occurs whenever an action potential precedes an EPSP. LTD occurs whenever an action potential follows an EPSP. How would an increase in external Ca2+ concentration affect synaptic depression? It would increase the rate of depression. It would have no effect on depression. It would reduce the rate of depression. It would decrease the rate of neurotransmitter release and induce depression. LTP represents a lasting increase in the size of EPSP following a high-frequency train of stimuli that is restricted to the cortex following a low-frequency train of stimuli following a single stimulus
Adi S.
Which of the following statements regarding long-term potentiation (LTP) is NOT correct? A. LTP is a long-lasting increase of synaptic strength. B. The initial phase of hippocampal LTP is due to a decrease of AMPA receptors at the cell surface by internalization of the receptors. C. LTP can be induced by a brief (few seconds) high-frequency patterned stimulus. D. LTP requires postsynaptic depolarization. E. LTP is a mechanism for the acquisition of new information.
2. Long-term Potentiation is a process that strengthens the transmission of a single synapse in a circuit. This is achieved when pre-synaptic cells and post-synaptic cells fire action potentials at the same time. Usually multiple pre-synaptic cells synapse onto one post-synaptic cell, increasing the probability of inducing an action potential in the postsynaptic cell. b. If you were to use an antagonist that selectively blocked NMDA receptors, what would happen to LTP? Draw the voltage response shortly after LTP conditioning. Explain your answer. (Assume the antagonist was present before and during LTP conditioning, but you remove it before performing the experiment).
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