1. What is the source of secretin and when is it released? 2. What is the major role of the gastrointestinal hormones? 3. Name the accessory organs of the digestive system. What is secreted by these organs and what is the function of these substances? 4. Name the types of cells in which GI hormones are synthesized. 5. Name the four (4) molecular forms of gastrin. Which of these forms is physiologically relevant? 6. Name four (4) chemical stimuli that can lead to the release of GI hormones. 7. What is the primary stimulus for gastrin secretion? When was this hormone isolated? 8. Explain the physiological role of gastrin. 9. Name the two targets of gastrin. 10. Discuss the five (5) biological effects of gastrin. 11. Name the cells that release secretin. What stimulates the release of secretin? Which pH value is not conducive to the release of secretin? 12. What type of loop system controls the release of secretion and bicarbonate ions? What is the function of bicarbonate? 13. When was CCK discovered and by whom? What is the function of CCK? What cell type is CCK localized to? Explain how CCK becomes physiologically active. 14. What is the nature of the relationship between CCK and the pancreas? 15. Discuss the three (3) physiological effects of CCK in response to a meal. What is the potential for CCK in a pharmaceutical sense? 16. How does the consumption of fats influence the digestive process? 17. Discuss the localization and function of GIP. Name three (3) organs/tissues on which GIP has a direct metabolic effect. 18. Discuss the functions of VIP. What is this hormone structurally similar to? 19. Discuss substance P (SP).
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The source of secretin is the S cells in the duodenum, and it is released in response to acidic chyme entering the small intestine. Show more…
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