What might the differences be between male and female New World monkeys? Compare and contrast the situation in New World monkeys with humans suffering from colour blindness.
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- In many New World monkeys (Platyrrhini), males and females differ in size and canine tooth size/shape, and in some species males are more colorful or have more pronounced facial features. - Behavioral differences often exist: males may father in territorial or Show more…
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Suppose you were studying several species of monkeys. In one, males never helped females raise offspring. In another, males provided just as much parental care as females except for actually carrying the fetus during pregnancy. How does the fundamental asymmetry of sex compare in the two species? How would you expect sexual dimorphism to compare between the two species?
A newspaper story headline reads "Gender Plays Part in Monkeys' Toy Choices, Research Finds-Like Humans, Male Monkeys Choose Balls and Cars. While Females Prefer Dolls and Pots" (Knight Ridder Newspapers, December 8,2005$)$. The article goes on to summarize findings published in the paper "Sex Differences in Response to Children's Toys in Nonhuman Primates" (Evolution and Human Behavior $[2002]$ : $467-479$ ). Forty-four male monkeys and 44 female monkeys were each given a variety of toys, and the time spent playing with each toy was recorded. The table at the top of this page gives means and standard deviations (approximate values read from graphs in the paper) for the percentage of the time that a monkey spent playing with a particular toy. Assume that it is reasonable to regard these two samples of 44 monkeys as representative of the populations of male monkeys and female monkeys. Use a .05 significance level for any hypothesis tests that you carry out when answering the various parts of this exercise. a. The police car was considered a "masculine toy." Do these data provide convincing evidence that the mean percentage of the time spent playing with the police car is greater for male monkeys than for female monkeys? b. The doll was considered a "feminine toy." Do these data provide convincing evidence that the mean percentage of the time spent playing with the doll is greater for female monkeys than for male monkeys? c. The furry dog was considered a "neutral toy." $\mathrm{Do}$ these data provide convincing evidence that the mean percentage of the time spent playing with the furry dog is not the same for male and female monkeys? d. Based on the conclusions from the hypothesis rests of Parts (a)-(c), is the quoted newspaper story headline a reasonable summary of the findings? Explain. e. Explain why it would be inappropriate to use the two-sample $t$ test to decide if there was evidence that the mean percentage of the time spent playing with the police car and the mean percentage of the time spent playing with the doll is not the same for female monkeys.
Comparing Two Populations or Treatments
Inferences Concerning the Difference Between Two Population or Treatment Means Using Independent Samples
Old World Monkeys True or False: ____ The Black and White Colobus is the African equivalent of the Howler. ____ Monkeys can exploit the same area because they eat different things. ____ Different species of monkey sometimes coordinate warning systems. ____ Monkeys born to high-ranking parents have a better chance of becoming high ranked. ____ Toque Macaques use eye fluttering & teeth flashing to attract attention. ____ Female Toque Macaques are fertile all year round. ____ Female Macaques willing mate EXCLUSIVELY with the Alpha Male. ____ Baboons are very picky eaters. ____ Baboon females signal their fertility with swollen pink bottoms. ____ New Baboon Males use high ranked females to gain entry to the group. ____ Grooming is used to maintain friendships. What is the relationship between size of social group and primate brain size? Why are Gelada baboons able to form such large groups? What is the reason (and the purpose) of the red chests on the Gelada Baboons? What do the Gelada's use to compensate for their inability to groom every other baboon in the group?
Suman K.
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