00:01
All right, so to study the cell cycle, scientists need to be able to watch and manipulate it.
00:08
So this means that scientists need to use live cells.
00:14
So live cells are needed.
00:27
Needed, we'll go back here.
00:34
Needed to watch the cell cycle.
00:46
All right so we need to look at things that are alive so that we can watch it unfold so scientists have major breakthroughs with these three cell types so the first are called budding yeast the second the second is a fission yeast and lastly the third cell type they were successful in watching were early frog oocytes and eggs all right so both yeast and we'll move down here both yeast were used for genetic research so this is researching the genes so the reason they were used for this is because yeast or the ones they were studying only have one copy of each gene.
02:47
So what this means is if we were looking at humans, we get a chromosome from mom and we get a chromosome from dad.
03:04
So that if one of these is mutated, then it's not, it has a chance of not affecting ourselves.
03:12
But in a yeast, they only get, one copy of the chromosome.
03:22
So if a gene messes up, if a gene mutates, it will cause harmful effects.
03:55
All right, and that's because there's not another copy of that gene to be able to overtake the mutant.
04:01
So these mutations can be selected for by scientists.
04:07
And what these yeast did is yeast gave scientists...