What type of diabetes does Katie have, from "A Rough Semester: What's Wrong with Katie?" Choose all that apply. Be sure to read the ENTIRE answer choice before choosing. Type I because her insulin production is abnormal. Type II because her C peptide level is elevated shortly after ingestion of glucose. Type II because her fasting blood glucose is 212 mg/dL Type II because HbA1C is only associated with Type II diabetes.
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" - Type I diabetes is characterized by the body's inability to produce insulin due to autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. If Katie's insulin production is abnormal, this could suggest Type I diabetes. However, we need more Show more…
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When a healthy individual takes a glucose tolerance test, the blood glucose level will spike but then return to normal. In a patient with type 1 diabetes, the blood glucose level will spike dramatically and remain high due to inadequate insulin release. In a patient with type 2 diabetes, the blood glucose level will also spike dramatically and remain high due to a reduced sensitivity to insulin. In Jessie's case, her blood glucose levels were normal throughout the glucose tolerance test, except that she was more hypoglycemic than normal at the beginning and end of the test. Select all the hypotheses that could explain Jessie's glucose tolerance test results. a. Her glucagon levels are too low when she fasts. b. Her glucagon levels are too high when she fasts. c. Her glucose production during fasting is lower than normal due to a problem with gluconeogenesis in the liver. d. Her tissues are taking in more glucose from the blood to compensate for inadequate ATP production, such as from β-oxidation of fatty acids. e. Her blood glucose levels are high because she is diabetic.
Shaiju T.
Part II – Janique Johnson: Carefully inspect the test results below and use the information together with what you learned from Part I to diagnose the patient and answer the following questions. Johnson, J. Lab Results – Dr. Gupta, M.D. Test Result Normal Range Random blood sugar (mg/dl) 250 < 140 Fasting blood sugar (mg/dl) 165 75–105 GTT glucose at 2hr 242 < 200 Fasting morning cortisol (ug/dl) 24 5–23 Hemoglobin A1c % 10 < 6.5 c-peptide (ng/ml) 0.2 0.5 to 2 Antibodies against pancreas high varies Urinary glucose (mg/dl) 25 0–15 Urinary ketones (mg/dl) 35 Very little to none T3 (ng/dl) 175 80–180 T4 (ug/dl) 10 4.6–12 Questions: 5. Based on the data, what is your diagnosis for Janique? What data support this diagnosis? 6. Dr. Gupta asks you to explain the diagnosis to the patient. Please write out how you would describe this to Janique. 7. What treatment would you recommend for this patient?
Madhur L.
A 21-year-old noncompliant female with a history of type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus was found in a coma. Her blood glucose was high, as well as her urine glucose, urine ketones, and serum ketones. Her serum bicarbonate was < 12 mEq/L (normal = 23-29 mEq/L). Her respiration was exaggerated, and her breath had an acetone odor. Her blood pressure was 90/60, and her pulse weak and rapid (120 bpm). What causes type I diabetes mellitus? What is the fundamental organ and cell type impacted? How is this different from type II diabetes? Differentiate ketoacidosis from insulin shock. Is this person experiencing ketoacidosis or insulin shock? Explain your answer. pH considerations What is the acid-base status of this individual? Explain why her serum bicarbonate is low. (2 points) What is the cause of the hyperpnea (rapid deep breathing)? (2 points) What would cause this female's hypotension as well as her tachycardia (HR > 100 bpm)? What type of treatment does this person need? 6. It is not uncommon for a person with extreme hyperglycemia to experience nausea. This can, in turn, elicit the fight-or-flight response. Considering how the endocrine system responds in a fight-or-flight situation, hypothesize why this response may worsen a diabetic's situation.
Alexander B.
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