What would happen if you injected non-toxic levels of alcohol into the blood of a female prairie vole?
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Review the section "Investigating Life: Addicted to Affection." Drag and drop the terms on the left to complete the concept map. Behaviors Brain Monogamous Snub-nosed rodents Reward center Montane voles Promiscuous Pair-bonding hormone ADH receptors
Adi S.
After menopause, some women take supplemental estrogen. There is some concern that if these women also drink alcohol, their estrogen levels will rise too high. Twelve volunteers who were receiving supplemental estrogen were randomly divided into two groups, as were 12 other volunteers not receiving estrogen. In each case, one group drank an alcoholic beverage, the other a non-alcoholic beverage. An hour later, everyone's estrogen level was checked. Only those on supplemental estrogen who drank alcohol showed a marked increase.
Liver alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH) are relatively nonspecific. Its normal substrate is ethanol; however, it will oxidize other primary alcohols, such as methanol, to their corresponding aldehydes. In the case of methanol, this produces formaldehyde, which is quite toxic and can lead to blindness. Mistaking it for the cheap wine she usually prefers, my dog Lulu ingested about 36 mL of windshield washer fluid, which is an aqueous solution of 50% v/v methanol. I knew that methanol would be eventually excreted by Lulu's kidneys if its oxidation to formaldehyde could be blocked; I also knew that ethanol could act as a competitive inhibitor of methanol oxidation by ADH. Not wanting to become a seeing-eye human to a blind pooch, I decided to offer my pooch some of her favorite hooch, Miller Genuine Draft (MGD), a tasteless brew that contains 4.2% v/v ethanol. a. How much MGD, in mL, must my Lulu consume in order to lower the activity of her ADH on methanol to 5% of its uninhibited value, if the Km values for canine ADH are 1 mM for ethanol and 10 mM for methanol? (Assume the KI for ethanol in its role as a competitive inhibitor of methanol oxidation is the same as its Km. Both methanol and ethanol will quickly distribute throughout Lulu's 17 L of body fluids. The densities of both methanol and ethanol are 0.79 g/mL.)
Sri K.
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