When a vertebrate animal contracts the flexor muscles of a leg, it relaxes the extensor muscles of the same leg. Sherrington considered this evidence for the existence of a. spatial summation b. the delay in transmission at synapses c. temporal summation d. inhibitory messages
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The question is about the observations made by Sir Charles Scott Sherrington, a renowned neurophysiologist, regarding the coordination of muscle movements in vertebrate animals. Specifically, it mentions the phenomenon where contracting flexor muscles of a leg Show more…
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The movement of vertebrate muscles is: a. controlled primarily by cartilaginous joints with agonist muscles. b. antagonistic when it causes movement in the joint. c. caused by extensor muscles that flex the joint. d. caused by flexor muscles that extend the joint. e. exemplified by the biceps and triceps contracting or relaxing simultaneously.
In the knee-jerk reflex, $a .$ spinal interneurons inhibit the motor neuron of the antagonistic muscle. $b$. activity in the stretch receptor neuron causes contraction of the leg flexor muscles. $c .$ the cell body of the motor neuron is in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. $d$. action potentials in the sensory neuron release inhibitory neurotransmitter onto the motor neurons. $e .$ the sensory neuron forms a monosynaptic loop with the motor neuron to the antagonistic muscle.
During the contraction of a vertebrate skeletal muscle fiber, calcium ions a. break cross-bridges by acting as a cofactor in the hydrolysis of ATP. b. spread action potentials through the T tubules. c. re-establish the polarization of the plasma membrane following an action potential. d. transmit action potentials from the motor neuron to the muscle fiber. e. bind with troponin, changing its shape so that the myosin-binding sites on actin are exposed.
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