which antibiotic will have the strongest effect? why? which type of bacteria will have the widest range of resistance?
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Why do antibiotics that target bacterial protein synthesis usually have a broader spectrum of activity compared to antibiotics that target the peptidoglycan integrity? Hint: The question refers to antibiotic spectrum, not side effects. A pathogenic bacterium has been isolated from a patient and identified. Several antibiotics would work as treatment, some with a broad spectrum, some with a narrow spectrum of activity. How do we select the best one and why? If your only treatment option is a highly toxic antibiotic (such as chloramphenicol), how could you adjust the treatment protocol to lessen its negative effects? Suppose that a patient who suffers from a Gram-positive bacterial infection develops an allergic reaction to amoxicillin. What alternative antimicrobial treatment from the same general group of antibiotics (targeting cell wall) would you recommend? Summarize the antimicrobial action of each of the three components in Neosporin. Why do you think these three were combined? Why does tuberculosis treatment require multiple antimicrobial drugs? Provide examples. List a few possible reasons for developing "generations" of antibiotics.
Dominador T.
QUESTIONS: 1. Which two antibiotics were the most effective overall? What are their mechanisms of action? Amoxicillin as well as Tetracycline were most effective overall. Tetracycline's mechanism of action is that it ultimately inhibits protein synthesis, leading to a bacteriostatic effect. Amoxicillin's mechanism of action is unknown. 2. Which two were the least effective overall? What are their mechanisms of action? 3. Why would one antibiotic be effective against a Gram-positive cell but not a Gram-negative? Give an example from the results. 4. Would the spread plate technique or pour plate be best to seed the lawn of bacteria? Why?
Study Questions: 1. Which antibiotic seems to be most effective in inhibiting E. aerogenes? Which antibiotic seems to be least effective? Justify your choices. 2. Which organism was penicillin most effective against? Least effective against? How can you explain this difference? 3. If the zones of inhibition of two antibiotic disks (A and B) on a Sarcina lutea dish measure 17 and 18 mm respectively, which antibiotic is more effective against Sarcina lutea. Why? 4. Do the antibiotics kill the bacteria or only inhibit the growth? Design a method to determine whether the antibiotics are bacteriostatic (inhibit) or bactericidal (kill). 5. If the antibiotic concentration is doubled, will the growth zone be twice as large? Explain. 6. A doctor is prescribing medicine for a person with a systemic E. coli infection (a systemic infection is disseminated throughout the body by the circulatory system). Which antibiotic might a doctor choose? Hint: E. coli belongs to the same class of bacteria as Enterobacter aerogenes. Organism | Chloramph. | Penicillin | Tetra. E. aerogenes | 30 | 8 | 24 B. cereus | 5 | 5 | 5 S. lutea | 5 | 5 | 5 Chart 1: Zones of Inhibition (diameter in mm) Dish Diagram
Adi S.
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