Which form of vitamin E is maintained in plasma and used by the body? Multiple Choice Alpha-tocopherol Delta-tocopherol Beta-tocopherol Gamma-tocopherol
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A treatment trial is proposed to test the efficacy of vitamin E as a preventive agent for cancer. One problem with such a study is how to assess compliance among participants. A small pilot study is undertaken to establish criteria for compliance with the proposed study agents. In this study, 10 patients are given 400 IU/day of vitamin E and 10 patients are given similar-sized placebo capsules over a 3-month period. Their serum vitamin E levels are measured before and after the 3-month period, and the change (3-month - baseline) is shown in the given table. Group Mean sd n Vitamin E 0.89 0.44 10 Placebo 0.03 0.19 10 (a) Suppose a change of 0.38 mg/dL in serum levels is proposed as a test criterion for compliance; that is, a patient who shows a change of ≥ 0.38 mg/dL is considered a compliant vitamin E taker. If normality is assumed, what percentage of the vitamin E group would be expected to show a change of at least 0.38 mg/dL? (Round your answer to two decimal places.) (b) Is the measure in part (a) a measure of sensitivity, specificity, or predictive value? sensitivity specificity predictive value (c) What percentage of the placebo group would be expected to show a change of not more than 0.38 mg/dL? (Round your answer to two decimal places.) (d) Is the measure in part (c) a measure of sensitivity, specificity, or predictive value? sensitivity specificity predictive value (e) Suppose a new threshold of change, Δ mg/dL, is proposed for establishing compliance. We wish to use a level of Δ such that the compliance measures in parts (a) and (c) for the patients in the vitamin E and placebo groups are the same. What should Δ be (in mg/dL)? (Round your answer to four decimal places.) Δ = mg/dL What would be the compliance (as a percent) in the vitamin E and placebo groups using this threshold level? (Round your answers to two decimal places.) vitamin E placebo (f) Suppose we consider the serum vitamin E assay as a screening test for compliance with vitamin E supplementation. Participants whose change in serum vitamin E is ≥ Δ mg/dL will be considered vitamin E takers, and participants whose change is < Δ mg/dL will be considered placebo takers. Choose several possible values for Δ, and construct the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for this test. What is the area under the ROC curve (as a percent)? (Hint: The area under the ROC curve can be computed analytically from the properties of linear combinations of normal distributions. Round your answer to two decimal places.)
Adi S.
Vitamin E is comprised of which family of compounds? Quinones Tocopherols Retinoids Sterols
Madhur L.
Which substance stimulates the formation of platelets? A- Erythropoietin B- Immunoglobulins C- Thrombopoietin D- Cytokine The hemopoietic growth factor is a hormone involved in the proliferation of progenitor cells. T/F After testing your blood in the lab, you found that your red cells agglutinated with both anti-A and anti-B antisera. This means that you___________. A- Have A and B antigens on your RBC B- Have anti-A and anti-B antibodies in your plasma C- Are AB positive D- All of the above E- None of the above A megakaryoblast will develop into___________. A- A red blood cell B- A white blood cell C- A platelet D- None of the above Which statement does not describe a component of the RBC life cycle? A- Ruptured RBCs are removed by macrophages in the spleen and liver B- Heme is converted to bilirubin which ends up in the liver C- Transferrin transports the iron in the blood D- Urobilinogen is eliminated in the feces as stercobilin E- Biliverdin is the protein that stores iron Which white blood cell mainly destroys newly formed tumor cells? A- T cell B- Natural killer cells C- B cell D- Neutrophils Which of the following blood types is a person whose blood cells agglutinate by both anti-A serum and anti-B serum, but not by anti-Rh serum? A- AB negative B- AB positive C- O negative D- O positive E- None of the above Which of the following is a formed element found in blood? A- Lymphocyte B- Red blood cell C- Platelet D- White blood cells E- All of the above The extrinsic pathway of blood clotting _______________. A- It is activated by tissue factor B- It produces prothrombinase C- It inhibits coagulation D- A and B E- B and C Which of the following clotting factors is involved in strengthening and stabilizing a blood clot? A- Factor XIV B- Factor V C- Factor VII D- Factor XIII E- Factor XI
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