Which of the following organisms exhibits iteroparity?
- turtles
- deer mice
- all of these organisms
- pine trees
- grey wolves
Inbreeding is a type of ____________.
- mutation
- genetic drift
- nonrandom mating
- natural selection
- gene flow
In landscape ecology, the area surrounding patches of habitat is called the
- corridor
- substrate
- heterogeneous habitat
- matrix
- interface
A method which uses biological and demographic information to assess a population's risk of extinction is called
- Risk Assessment and Research Enterprise (RARE)
- Population Viability Analysis (PVA)
- Endemism and Extirpation Evaluation (EEE)
- Species Extinction Analysis (SEA)
- Geographic Information System (GIS)
Which two species have recovered enough to be removed from the Endangered Species List?
- Polar bears and Sumatran rhinoceros
- pandas and pangolins
- chimpanzees and bonobos
- Peregrine falcons and Bald eagles
- Tapirs and Whooping Cranes
Which of the following ecosystems has the lowest net primary productivity per unit area?
- grasslands
- coral reef
- temperate forest
- open ocean
- estuary
The Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis predicts that a mix of early and late successional species will provide the highest diversity
- competitive exclusion will operate when disturbances are removed
- frequent ecological disturbances will limit ecological succession
- moderate ecological disturbances reduce interspecific competition
- All of these are predictions of Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis
Carbon dioxide is removed from the atmosphere during the process of
- photosynthesis
- respiration
- all of these processes remove carbon dioxide
- combustion
- decomposition
In the Lotka-Volterra model of predator-prey interactions, the mortality rate of prey is given by
- rNprey - dNpred
- rNprey + cNpreyNpred
- cNpreyNpred
- rN
- b(cNpreyNpred)
A species recovery must plan include
- A phylogenetic tree
- Proposed replacement species
- A cost/benefit analysis of the species' ecosystem services
- Estimates of how long the recovery will take and how much it will cost
- The person or organization to be billed for the recovery
The Haber-Bosch process involves which chemical reaction?
- COH2 + N2 → 2NOH + C2
- HCl + NOH → NCl + H2O
- C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O
- N2 + 3 H2 → 2 NH3
- CO2 + O2 + 4 H2S → CH2O + 4 S + 3 H2O
Efforts to return a degraded site into as natural a state as possible is called ecological
- reestablishment
- enhancement
- none of these are correct
- renewal
- succession
Approximately what percent of the earth's water is saltwater?
- 97.50%
- 2.50%
- 75%
- 25%
- 40%
Density dependent population growth
- Usually affects species with high r values
- None of the choices
- Often involves abiotic factors
- Primarily affects small populations
- Keeps populations near K
Protection and conservation activities on Anacapa Island included
- Captive breeding of threatened seabirds including Scripps murrelets and brown pelicans
- Translocation of rats to rodent sanctuaries
- Introduction of cats to control rat population
- All of the above
- Trapping native mice and holding them in captivity for reintroduction
The relationship of midge larvae and larval salamanders that feed on two species of Daphnia is considered
- Direct Competition
- Apparent competition
- Indirect Commensalism
- Interference Competition
- Indirect Parasitism
For abandoned farmland in the eastern United States, succession to a hardwood forest climax community would likely take how long?
- 100-200 years
- 1000-2000 years
- 1-2 years
- 100,000-200,000 years
- 5-10 years
Which of the following taxonomic groups has the fewest species?
- Mammals
- Molluscs
- Flies
- Vascular plants
- Butterflies and moths
What is one criterion for a region to be designated a biodiversity "Hot Spots"?
- Containing more than 100 endangered animal species
- None of the above
- Areas threatened by rising sea levels
- Supporting more than 1500 endemic plant species
- High potential for absorbing excess CO2
A social interaction that increases the fitness of an actor and recipient is known as ________________.
- Spite
- Mutual benefit
- Altruism
- Selfishness
- None of the above