Which of the following would result in the most penetrating/effective sterilization? A dessication B nonionizing radiation C Pasteurization D nonpressurized steam/Tydallization E Pressurized steam/autoclave Question 46 Dr. Kries scrubbed in for surgery. This is an example of: A Sepsis B Degermation C Disinfection D Sterilization
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QUESTION 33 Dry heat QUESTION 34 All of the following are methods of disinfection or sterilization, except QUESTION 35 Liquid media containing heat-sensitive components would best be sterilized by
Adi S.
The standard condition used to sterilize with an autoclave or a pressure cooker is at ______ psi, ______ degree Celsius for _______ minutes. 2. Most dairy products undergo regular pasteurization process to remove pathogens but not all microbes, therefore need to be refrigerated. On the contrary, products that have been treated by _______________ are considered sterile, therefore can be stored at room temperature for a long time (e.g. 6 months). Question 3. Continue from question 2, although these dairy products can be stored at room temperature for a long period of time, once open, it needs to be refrigerated. Why? A. Oxygen from the air reactivates microbes in milk, causing spoilage if not refrigerated. B. Once open, microbes from the air can enter the sterile milk and cause spoilage if not refrigerated. C. Sterile milk doesn't need to be refrigerated even after opening. 4. Identify the missing words in the below description about irradiation. Word bank: DNA, gamma rays, pyrimidine dimers, UV lights Irradiation, including ionizing irradiation like X-rays and gamma rays, and non-ionizing irradiation like UV lights, are often used to disinfect produces or hospital surfaces, and even wastewater. Both ionizing and non-ionizing radiations kill microbes by damaging their ____________. More specifically, ____________ kill by causing double strand breakage in the DNA backbone, and ____________ kill by causing formation of ____________ in DNA which could lead to accumulation of lethal mutation following DNA replication. 5. Boiling is an effective way to kill microorganisms. However, it cannot destroy everything. What microbial components or group of microbes can survive boiling? a. mesophiles b. hyperthermophiles c. capsulated bacteria d. bacterial endospores 6. What molecular methods could a bacterium use to become resistant to antibiotics? A. Modify cellular targets so antibiotics can no longer bind to them. B. Modify antibiotics (e.g. adding functional groups onto antibiotic molecules) C. Use exoenzymes to destroy antibiotics outside of cells D. Pump antibiotics out of the cell using efflux pump Question 7. Short answer. Why do we need to take antibiotics several times a day during treatment? Also, why should you finish the entire course prescribed by your doctor? Question 8. What is the most common way to disinfect fresh produce like fruits and vegetables? A. autoclave sterilization B. pasteurization C. irradiation D. filtration 9. How does the pharmaceutical industry usually sterilize heat-sensitive solutions like protein drugs? A. pasteurization B. autoclaving C. irradiation D. filtration
Jorge V.
15. Flash pasteurization, which consists of boiling the milk at 72°C for 20 seconds. 16. A lower concentration of disinfectant or sterilizing agent. 17. A chemical that kills or inhibits microbes and can be safely used on the skin is called a disinfectant. 18. A hot air oven at 180°C for 30 minutes is very effective in killing bacteria. 19. The killing of only vegetative forms of pathogenic microorganisms and not spores on non-living objects is called disinfection. 20. Bactericide is a term used to describe agents that prevent or inhibit bacterial growth. 21. TDT, which is defined as the lowest temperature at which a suspension of microorganisms is killed within 10 minutes. 22. Ionizing radiation is more powerful than non-ionizing radiation in the sterilization of plastics.
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