Which statement about the plasticity of synapses in the mammalian CNS is false? The hallmark of both short-term and long-term synaptic plasticity is that they always increase the strength of synaptic connections. The efficacy of synapses can be adjusted by modulating the amount of neurotransmitter that is released. Calcium lons play a central role in at least some forms of synaptic plasticity. Changes in synaptic efficacy can occur over time scales ranging from milliseconds to years. A variety of molecular mechanisms are involved in the different forms of synaptic plasticity
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1. Which statement about the plasticity of synapses in the mammalian CNS is false? A. calcium ions play a central role in at least some forms of synaptic plasticity B. the efficacy of synapses can be adjusted by modulating the amount of neurotransmitter that is released C. a variety of molecular mechanisms are involved in the different forms of synaptic plasticity D. the hallmark of both short-term and long-term synaptic plasticity is that they always increase in the strength of synaptic connections E. changes in synaptic efficacy can occur over time scales ranging from milliseconds to years 2. after firing a short burst of action potentials in an axon, researchers observe a larger EPSP in the post synaptic cell, and this effect seems to last a few tens to milliseconds. This is most likely due to the presynaptic terminal having A. reduced sodium B. lowered calcium C. extra calcium D. extra magnesium E. extra sodium 3. Which mechanism would be a plausible explanation for synaptic depression? A. inhibition of postsynaptic calcium channels B. activation of presynaptic potassium channels C. depletion of docked synaptic vesicles in the presynaptic terminal D. enhancement of presynaptic sodium currents E. Faster replenishment of vesicles to the reserve pool
Rupsa S.
What causes synaptic facilitation? Release of a greater than usual number of synaptic vesicles Activation of synaptotagmin by means of phosphorylation Buildup of Ca2+ in the presynaptic terminal Release of synaptic vesicles loaded with extra neurotransmitter Which process differentiates long-term from short-term sensitization? Changes in the synapses between the sensory and motor neurons Synaptic transmission between the facilitatory and sensory neurons Changes in gene expression Production of cAMP Which condition(s) must be met to induce LTP? Glutamate must be released from the presynaptic terminal Glutamate must open the postsynaptic AMPA receptors The postsynaptic membrane must be depolarized for a period of time Mg2+ block must be expelled from NMDA receptors to allow Ca2+ influx All of the above Which observation would demonstrate the spike timing-dependent plasticity of synapses? Whether or not LTP occurs is dependent on the specific temporal pattern of action potentials. Switching the relative timing of action potential and EPSP by as little as 20 ms can switch the response from LTD to LTP, or vice versa. LTP occurs whenever an action potential precedes an EPSP. LTD occurs whenever an action potential follows an EPSP. How would an increase in external Ca2+ concentration affect synaptic depression? It would increase the rate of depression. It would have no effect on depression. It would reduce the rate of depression. It would decrease the rate of neurotransmitter release and induce depression. LTP represents a lasting increase in the size of EPSP following a high-frequency train of stimuli that is restricted to the cortex following a low-frequency train of stimuli following a single stimulus
Adi S.
According to neural plasticity, what could happen when a specific synapse is frequently used? The post synaptic neuron will grow in size The number of synapses between the two neurons will increase The strength of each action potential will increase Both neurons will become increasingly hyperpolarized
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