Who has the greatest difficulty performing the antisaccade task? A Left-handers B Bilinguals C Parents D Children
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To what extent does learning more than one language facilitate early communication skills? Fan et al. (2015) examined this issue by recruiting students from the Chicago area who were monolingual, exposed to a second language but not fluent, or fully bilingual. All participants were asked to complete a language task in which they identified objects based on another person’s perspective. A table of the results is shown below: Monolingual Exposed Not Fluent Bilingual N 24 24 24 M 0.500 0.771 0.760 s 0.353 0.303 0.364 Reference: Fan, S. P., Liberman, Z., Keysar, B., & Kinzler, K. D. (2015). The exposure advantage: Early exposure to a multilingual environment promotes effective communication. Psychological Science, 26(7), 1090–1097. a. Is it reasonable to draw causal conclusions from this study? Why or why not? b. Is it reasonable to assume homogeneity of variance? Why or why not? What other assumptions would need to be considered before examining contrasts between the groups? c. Calculate sp using Equation 14.1. It may be helpful to use a spreadsheet. d. Calculate df for comparisons in this study using Equation 14.2. Use ESCI’s Normal and t file to find the corresponding t95(df). e. To what extent did bilingual children do better on the language task than monolingual children? First, calculate the 95% MoE for this comparison using Equation 14.4, then find the 95% CI for the difference between the groups. Interpret the results f. To what extent did bilingual children do better on the language task than those who were exposed to a second language but not fluent? Will you need to recalculate the MoE? Why or why not? Find the CI, then interpret the results. g. Check your work using ESCI. How closely do the ESCI results come to those you calculated? h. It is also possible to compare monolingual children to those exposed to a second language but not fluent. And to compare the children with any second-language experience (exposed but not fluent and bilingual) to those without it (monolingual)—a subset contrast. However, what issue is it critical to be aware of before conducting additional comparisons?
Sri K.
students who are first generation ( foreign born) and second generation ( american born, with immigrant parents) often achieve in school as well as or better than students of native born parents . findings on psychological afjustment are similar. compared with their agemates, adolescents from immigrant families are less likely to commit delinquentand violent acts, to use drugs and alcohol , or to have early sex. they are also less likely to be obese or to have missed school because of illness. what is the implied central idea? A) children born of immigrant parents have better academic skills than native born children. b) immigrant parents have higher expectactions and standards for their children than do parents of native born children. c) immigrant children mus t overcome many obstacles in order to adapt to a new country d) evidence reveals that children of immigrant parents adapt well to their new country.
Donna D.
Which of the following is NOT true of preschoolers/young children? a. When non-persisting preschoolers are asked why they have given up, they frequently report that their parents would be mad at them or punish them for making mistakes. b. Throughout the early years, children become increasingly conscious of what others think. c. Preschoolers' tendency to evaluate themselves highly means they are usually unaware of the judgments of others. d. Although most young children have high self-esteem, by age 4 some children give up when faced with challenges, concluding that they will not be able to accomplish the task or are discouraged after failure. Young adults tend to: a. Prefer the company of their mothers over that of their fathers. b. Have problems developing intimate relationships if they are close to their mothers. c. Separate from their parents and gradually sever contact. d. Seek peer-like relationships with their parents. During the reconnection phase of parallel development: a. Young adults are often overwhelmed by their parents' invasion of their privacy. b. Adult children are often surprised at how much their parents have aged. c. Parents are often amazed at how immature their adult children are. d. Parents and their adult children come to know each other as individuals and develop greater appreciation of each other. Which of the following is NOT related to secure attachment of preschoolers? a. Punitive parenting b. Positive parental mood c. Parental responsiveness d. A relaxed home environment Which one of the following is NOT one of the characteristics of children who are liked and accepted by their peers in comparison to less popular children? a. Positive social traits b. Higher academic accomplishments c. Better social problem-solving skills d. More constructive social behavior
Akash M.
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