00:01
In order to answer this question, let's talk about probabilities, okay? and also genotypes and genotypes.
00:05
It says, a coin flip four times and calls up heads each time.
00:09
What is the probability that the next coin flip will call up heads? remember that you have two possibilities.
00:15
In each event, you're going to have heads or days.
00:25
So you have only two possibilities, then you're going to have 50 % chances to get heads and 50 % chances to get tails in each event.
00:36
It means each time that you flip a coin, okay? so 50 % is the same as one half, remember.
00:43
So you have one half chances to get heads and one half chances to get tails.
00:47
It says that you got heads four times.
00:54
And they are asking you, what is the probability that in the next flip, you wouldn't get heads again? remember that each event here.
01:03
Is independent from each other.
01:05
It means once you get or you got heads here, you're not going to have, or this event here is not going to care about the results here, and you're going to have here the same probabilities.
01:16
And also here, when you flip the coin, you're going to have the same probabilities as here or as here.
01:21
So the probabilities are not going to change, are not going to change.
01:25
You can see this particularly as the future events, for example, this one here, is not going to be influenced by the past.
01:34
Events, okay? so here you have all of these probabilities here are the same here, the same here, the same here, the same here, the same here, and the same here, and also the same in further flipping us a coin.
01:46
Okay? so you have here one half chances to get again heads or 50%.
01:52
Okay, so this is the answer for question number one.
01:55
The next question says, and this allele is ground, ground, this a lily is green called this allele here is yellow and the aggressive allele is green so it says let's define the following heterocygous or homozygote you have the following genotypes okay so when you have in the genotype two identical alleles for example here or here this is called homocygoyles okay so in this case this one in this one are homozygles now when you have two different alleles there are going to be heterocygous.
02:43
So in this case, also here, remember, here this one here is also homozygous for r.
02:48
But in this case, you have a thai hybrid because you have two genes, okay? and which of them are heterocygous? well, this one here, and also this one here are heterocylus.
03:05
Why? well, because you don't have two identical areas.
03:07
You have here a dominant r and excessive r.
03:10
And here you have a dominant y and excessive y.
03:12
Okay.
03:13
So these are the genotypes for this, or that you know, or that.
03:16
Well, this is the answer for question number two.
03:19
Now, question number three says, what is the phenotype of the following? and you have the following genotypes.
03:25
You have the heterocygot for y.
03:27
You have the heterocycles for r.
03:28
You have the homocylusaseaseasease for y.
03:30
And you have the heterocygose for both y and r.
03:35
Okay? so remember that whenever you have a dominant allele in the genotype, you're going to express the dominant phenotype.
03:43
And the only possibility or the only event where you're, you're going to express the recessive phenotype is when you have an absence of the dominant allele.
03:53
It means when you have two grisessive alleles, like here, for example.
03:57
So in this case, the phenotype here is going to be yellow because you have a dominant allele...