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In this part, we are going to discuss the loss of mendels, specifically the genetic diagram and illustrate and support the specific three laws of gregor mendel's test cross pattern.
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For first one, we have the law of dominance.
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So according to mendel's law of dominance, there are two alleles for a character and in heterozygous condition, the trait of one allele is dominant over another allele.
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It means that trait of one allele must the trait of another allele.
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The trait which is expressed in heterozygous condition is called as dominant allele and the other allele is called as recessive allule.
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For example, if the trait length of pea plant is characterized by two allele, that is t for tall and short t for short then in heterozygous condition there would be a heteroseousal zygos that is tall the trait of big tea will be expressed and the trait of small tea is must so the plant will be phenotypically tall here tea is dominant and tea is recessive so we have big teas that is tall we have heterozygos tea still it's dominant and recessive that is short now for law of segregation so we have law of segregation on the basis of monohybid cross mendel gave the law of segregation it states that two factors or alleles are responsible for a particular character during the formation of gametes, each factor of the pair of gene is segregated from each other and transferred to next generation separately.
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So gametes are pure.
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Each allele segregates separately.
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So for example, you have tall.
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This is for male and we have short that is for female.
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So this is the p generation or the parental generation.
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So definitely we will have the gametes.
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So these are the gametes big t that is tall and small t is short.
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Now when they do some test cross, our f1 generation will be a heterozygous tall.
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So this is our f1 generation.
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Now to know our f2 generation, we will just do some test cross with heterozygos tall.
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So definitely our gametes will be tall, short, tall, short.
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And by doing test cross, if you can do that one like this, t, so you can make a box.
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So definitely we have dominant tall.
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We have heterozygostal, heterozygostal, heterocygostall, and recessive short.
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So definitely we have a ratio of 2 is to 1 is to 1.
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So this is for genotype ratio.
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And for phenotype, there would be 3 is to 1...