You are doing a rotation in the hospitals clinical...

You are doing a rotation in the hospital's clinical laboratory. A sample of cloudy cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from a suspected meningitis case arrives, and you are told to Gram stain it and then plate it on blood agar and chocolate agar (look it up). In the Gram stain, you find gram-negative rods of varying size and shape. You also find a lot of bacteria inside phagocytic cells. They are not diplococci. Colonies grow on both of the plates you inoculated. Later, the charge nurse tells you that the patient, a 3-year-old girl, has not received any childhood vaccinations. 1. What is the most likely causative organism? WHY? 2. Why was the child's unvaccinated status helpful in diagnosis? 3. What is causing the cloudiness in the CSF? 4. What other types of infections can this organism cause in children?

Transcript

00:01 So the question states the csf from a 3 -year -old unvaccinated child shows growth on.

00:09 So the csf was cloudy on visual examination and the growth was present in blood agar, you can write as b -a, chocolate agar, ca.

00:21 So growth was present, growth was positive and then on microscopy we can see from gram staining there.

00:34 Gram negative baseli invariable there invariable baseli and cocky structures are seen so we can conclude this as gram negative cocaucca basili since the finding showed the baseli are engulfed within the white blood cells it can resist so this have capsules so non phagocytosable or the bacteria which resist phagocytosis by macrophages will surely possess a capsule or a slime layer.

01:10 So from the given a text the bacteria is a capsulated gram negative cocaucobeseli that have the ability to grow in blood agar and chocolate agar.

01:21 So we'll answer the questions one by one.

01:24 The first question what is the most probable cause of so what is the most probable organism so the organism is from the findings can be identified as hemophilus influenza it is a gram negative coccobisly influenza this can be typed based on serotyping so without zero typing there is no evidence of zero typing in this question so hemophilus influenza is a most probable organism since they are gram negative cocahobisili that have capsule they have the they are fastidious organisms that can grow only on blood agar and chocolate agar so the second question is why was a child's unwacconated status was helpful in the diagnosis because there is a hemophilous influenza vaccine that is administered in particular intervals so the in a vaccination schedule it is there to protect against meningitis so this child has not been vaccinated so the vaccination schedule that is specific for hemophilus influenza has not been completed so this is helpful in the isolation or the pointing of the organism.

02:41 So the vaccination schedule has enabled us to identify the organism or confirm the organism...

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