Chapter Questions
Compare and contrast the nervous and endocrine systems. (page 328 )
How does the action of a peptide hormone differ from that of a steroid hormone? (pages $330-31$ )
Explain the relationship between the hypothalamus and the posterior pituitary gland and to the anterior pituitary gland. List the hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary and the posterior pituitary glands and their actions. (pages $332-34$ )
Give an example of the negative feedback relationship among the hypothalamus, the anterior pituitary, and other endocrine glands. (page 332 )
Discuss the action of growth hormone on the body. What occurs if there is too much or too little GH during the growing years? What occurs if there if too much GH in an adult? (pages $334-35$ )
What types of goiters and other conditions are associated with a malfunctioning thyroid gland? Explain each type. (page 336 )
Explain how the thyroid and parathyroid glands work together to maintain blood calcium homeostasis. (pages $336-37$ )
What type of tissue is the adrenal medulla made of? What are its hormones and their actions? (page 338 )
What hormones are secreted by the adrenal cortex, and what are their actions? (pages $338-40$ )
What are the causes and symptoms of Addison disease and Cushing syndrome? (pages $340-41$ )
Explain how insulin and glucagon maintain blood glucose homeostasis. What are the two types of diabetes mellitus, and what are the major symptoms? (pages $341-44$ )
Name the other endocrine glands and tissues mentioned in the chapter, and discuss the actions of the hormones they secrete. (pages $344-46$ )
How does the neuroendocrine system work with other systems to maintain homeostasis? (pages $346-48$ )
Hormones are nevera. steroids.b. amino acids.c. glycoproteins.d. fats (triglycerides).
Which type of glands are ductless?a. exocrineb. endocrinec. Both a and b are correct.d. Neither a nor b is correct.
Which hormones can cross cell membranes?a. peptide hormonesb. steroid hormonesc. Both a and b are correct.d. Neither a nor b is correct.
The anterior pituitary controls the secretion(s) of botha. the adrenal medulla and the adrenal cortex.b. thyroid and adrenal cortex.c. ovaries and testes.d. Both b and c are correct.
Growth hormone is produced by thea. posterior adrenal gland.b. posterior pituitary.c. anterior pituitary.d kidneys.e. None of these is correct.
_______ is released through positive feedback and causes _________a. Insulin, stomachb. Oxytocin, stomachc. Oxytocin, uterined. None of these is correct.
PTH causes the blood levels of calcium to ________ and calcitonin causes it to ________a. increase, increaseb. increase, decreasec. decrease, increased. decrease, decrease
Bodily response to stress includesa. water reabsorption by the kidneys.b. blood pressure increase.c. increase in blood glucose levels.d. heart rate increase.e. All of these are correct.
Anabolic steroid use can causea. liver damage.b. severe acne.c. balding.d. reduced testicular size.e. All of these are correct.
Lack of aldosterone will cause a blood imbalance of.a. sodium.b. potassium.c. water.d. All of these are correct.e. None of these is correct.
Glucagon causesa. use of fat for energy.b. glycogen to be converted to glucose.c. use of amino acids to form fats.d. Both a and b are correct.e. None of these is correct.
Long-term complications of diabetes includea. blindness.b. kidney disease.c. circulatory disorders.d. All of these are correct.e. None of these is correct.
Diabetes mellitus is associated witha. too much insulin in the blood.b. too high a blood glucose level.c. blood that is too dilute.d. All of these are correct.
Which of these is not a pair of antagonistic hormones?a. insulin- glucagonb. calcitonin- parathyroid hormonec. cortisol- epinephrined. aldosterone- atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH)
Which hormone and condition is mismatched?a. growth hormone- acromegalyb. thyroxine-goiterc. parathyroid hormone-tetanyd. cortisol-myxedemae. insulin-diabetes
Match the hormones to the correct gland in the key.a. glucagonb. prostaglandinc. melatonind. insuline. leptinRaises blood glucose levels
Match the hormones to the correct gland in the key.a. glucagonb. prostaglandinc. melatonind. insuline. leptinConversion of glucose to glycogen
Match the hormones to the correct gland in the key.a. glucagonb. prostaglandinc. melatonind. insuline. leptinHunger control
Match the hormones to the correct gland in the key.a. glucagonb. prostaglandinc. melatonind. insuline. leptinControls circadian rhythms
Match the hormones to the correct gland in the key.a. glucagonb. prostaglandinc. melatonind. insuline. leptinCauses uterine contractions
Match the hormones to the correct gland in the key.a. pancreassb. anterior pituitaryc. posterior pituitaryd. thyroide. adrenal medullaf. adrenal cortexCortisol
Match the hormones to the correct gland in the key.a. pancreassb. anterior pituitaryc. posterior pituitaryd. thyroide. adrenal medullaf. adrenal cortexGrowth hormone (GH)
Match the hormones to the correct gland in the key.a. pancreassb. anterior pituitaryc. posterior pituitaryd. thyroide. adrenal medullaf. adrenal cortexOxytocin storage
Match the hormones to the correct gland in the key.a. pancreassb. anterior pituitaryc. posterior pituitaryd. thyroide. adrenal medullaf. adrenal cortexInsulin
Match the hormones to the correct gland in the key.a. pancreassb. anterior pituitaryc. posterior pituitaryd. thyroide. adrenal medullaf. adrenal cortexEpinephrine
Match the hormones to the correct gland in the key.a. pancreassb. anterior pituitaryc. posterior pituitaryd. thyroide. adrenal medullaf. adrenal cortexComplete the following diagram.